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Developmental Psychology Continued (Stranger Situation Test (by Mary…
Developmental Psychology Continued
Child Temperament Experiment
Outgoing Vs.Shy(Fearful Vigualant,Causious, apprehensive)
No intellectual differences between Shy and outgoing
Studied infants at four months old by putting a mobile infront of them and seeing how they would react
Robbie:Average, didn't do much when mobile was put infront of him
Jordan: kicking, crying, extremely distressed:predicts shyness
Katrina: lack of motion, no tension, looks at camera-predicts outgoingness
remember only about 10% to 15% of people are extremely shy or extremely outgoing( each)
Rhesus Monkey Temperament(by Steve Suomi)
Shy monkeys cling to there mothers and show signs of emotional insecurity
Shy monkeys are withdrawn and have more stress and cortisol (right brain activated)
Found that genetically shy monkeys when cross- fostered with really good moms can become socially outgoing and even the most dominant in the group sometimes
Nature is not destiny- however highly influential
Interaction between biology and environment
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Stranger Situation Test (by Mary Ainsworth)
Securely attached babies =60-70%
Wander/explore after introduction to new setting-distress upon separation but settle quickly-show pleasure and seek contact upon return
Insecure Babies
Cling after introduction to new setting-cry upon separation and are difficult to sooth-anger/indifference upon return
Subtypes
Avoidant: no obvious distress outside of ignoring/snubbing and tentative approach
Anxious-Ambivalent: extreme clinging, elicits and rejects caring contact
Disorganized Attachment: Inconsistent behavior; smile + fear-avoidance
Article: Ordinary Variations In Maternal Caregiving Influence Human Infants Stress Reactivity
Good moms bite and lick to help with healthy stress response
4 Hypothesis
effect on lateralization of brain
effects on fearfulness
Positive Joint attention
Influence on negative affect
Results
high quality mothering leads to left activity , good moms had Positive joint atention; bad moms create fearful ;temperament does not have affect
Secure/insecure attachment styles do to biology or experience?
BOTH!!!!
Steve Suomi's=Biology (nature)
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supportive moms create social competence in shy monkeys= Experience (nurture)
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Harlows Monkeys: experience