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Personality (The Structure of Personality (Three levels of consciousness,…
Personality
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Psychoanalytic Theory
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Three forces of personality development: the id, ego, and superego
The Id
Present at birth, the id represents basic intellectual drives (e.g. eating, sleeping, sex) and resides largely in the unconscious mind
Operates under the pleasure principle - simple in nature, the id is always striving to satisfy basic needs
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Due to the simple nature of the id, it may be considered immature
The Ego
The ego is developed as a result of children learning that their id's desires can not always be satisfied
Operates under the reality principle or the awareness that having all needs and desires met is not possible or acceptable
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Freud considers the ego a mediator between the id and superego, and states that the three forces are in a constant state of conflict at the unconscious level
The Superego
The superego may be considered the conscience - our morals are comprised of the superego's standards of right and wrong
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As behaviour and actions are observed, children internalize cultural values and norms of those around them
If conflicts between the three forces of personality go unresolved, personality problems or psychological disorders may present themselves if no compromise can be made
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