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Bacterial Cell Envelope (transport (active transport (primary (energy…

- - - - visible in light microscope
      - resistant to phagocytosis(吞噬)
        protect from desiccation(乾燥)
    - - maintain shape
        adhesion promotion
        potential in nanotechnology
      - protect from environment fluctuation(波動),
        osmotic stress, enzymes,predation
- - - - NAG=N-acetyl glucosamine
        NAM=N-acetylmuramic acid
      - both have D- and L-form
        (human can't metabolize L-form sugar, but cancer cell can)
      - strands are crosslinked
      - helical strand
    - - +
        
        purple
        
        lipotechoic acid and techoic acid
        reason of negative charge
        
        exoenzyme=enzyme secreted by Gram+ bacteria,
        for degradation of nutrients
      - -
        
        pink
        
        outer membrane
        
        lipoproteins
        
        LPS=lipopolysacchride
        reason of negative charge
        
        lipids
        
        walls
        
        Braun's lipoprotein
        connect outermembrane to peptidoglycan
        
        porin
        for transport
        if bigger than 600-700Da,it would become ABC transporters
- - - - metabolism
      - transport systems #
      - receptor
  - - - ethanolamie-glycerol-fatty acids
      - varies with environment
        
        ex high temperature=unsaturated fatty acids
    - - peripheral
        
        loose connect
        
        easily removed
      - integral
        
        within membrane
        
        may in microdomain
- - - - energy dependent
        ABC tansporters=ATP-Binding Cassette transporters
    - - MFS=Major Facilitator Superfamily
        use ion gradient