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Tests for Positive and Negative Ions (Negative Ions (Halide Ions (Add a…

- - - - Iron (III)
        
        Brown precipitate
        
        Not Dissolved
    - - Aluminum
        
        White precipitate
        
        Re-Dissolves
    - - Iron (II)
        
        Green precipitate
        
        Turns brown (Fe (II) > Fe (III))
    - - Calcium
        
        White precipitate
        
        Not Dissolved
    - - Copper (II)
        
        Blue precipitate
        
        Not dissolved
    - - Magnesium
        
        White precipitate
        
        Not Dissolved
  - - - Lithium
        
        Red
    - - Barium
        
        Apple Green
    - - Potassium
        
        Lilac
    - - Magnesium
        
        No Change
    - - Calcium
        
        Brick Red
    - - Copper
        
        Green/Blue
    - - Sodium
        
        Yellow
    - - Strontium
        
        Red
- - - - Add a little AgNO3(aq)
    - - White precipitate
    - - Cream Precipitate
    - - Yellow Precipitate

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Tests for Positive and Negative Ions

Tests for Positive and Negative Ions

Positive Ions

NaOH Test - Excess NaOH

Flame Test

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Sodium

Calcium

Potassium

Lithium

Barium

Magnesium

Copper

Strontium

Yellow

Brick Red

Lilac

Red

Apple Green

No Change

Green/Blue

Red

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Copper (II)

Iron (II)

Iron (III)

Aluminum

Calcium

Magnesium

White precipitate

White precipitate

White precipitate

Brown precipitate

Green precipitate

Blue precipitate

Not dissolved

Turns brown (Fe (II) > Fe (III))

Not Dissolved

Re-Dissolves

Not Dissolved

Not Dissolved

Negative Ions

Carbonate Ions

Add HCl and test for gas

Effervescent, Limewater turns cloudy: gas is CO2

Sulphate Ions

Add diluted BaCl2

White precipitate (BaSO4)

Halide Ions

Add a little HN03 (to remove OH or CO3 ions)

Add a little AgNO3(aq)

Chlorine

White precipitate

Bromine

Cream Precipitate

Iodine

Yellow Precipitate