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Mt. Pinatubo - Philippines (Effects (847 People Killed - 300 from…
Mt. Pinatubo - Philippines
Facts and figures
3rd May: first magma eruption
7th June: Large explosion - ash column 7km
12th June: More violent explosion, ash column 24km
15th June (lasted more than 3 hrs)
Ash ejected 34km into atmosphere
Pyroclastic flow = 16km
Ash mixed with rain from typhoon Yunya → creating lahar flows
Causes
a magnitude 7.8 earthquake struck about 60 miles (100 kilometers) northeast of Mount Pinatubo
Thousands of small earthquakes occurred beneath Pinatubo through April, May, and early June
Effects
847 People Killed - 300 from collapsing roofs , 100 from the mud flows known as lahars, the rest from disease in the evacuation centres including measles
Farmland destroyed by falling ash and pumice, unusable for years, the 1991 harvest was destroyed and 650,000 people lost their jobs
$700 Million Damages
1.2million people lost homes and had to migrate to shanty towns in Manila.
58,000people had to be evacuated from a 30km radius of the volcano
Responses and management
Prediction
75,000 people were evacuated due to accurate predictions by the USGS. There was no monitoring until the 3rd of April but seismometers were put into place.
Prevention
75,000 people evacuated up to a radius of 30km. USA air force helicopters helped.
Alert systems put into place to warn of eruption
Government Shelters
Preparation
Evacuation camps built for refugees.
Warning sign like gas and steam looked for. Long and short term aid organized especially from the Red Cross and the United States
Could have prepared storage of medical supplies food and water in preparation for disaster.
Long term management
Gov created Mt Pinatubo Commission to raise $10b Filipino pesos
New houses built on stilts so future lahars will not bury them
5 billion pesos spent on used to build dykes for lahars