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Education and Gender (Statistics (Girls better at every stage of SATS.,…
Education and Gender
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Employment for women
Mitsos&Browne (1998) highlighted the growing service sector, economy has created more feminised career opportunities for women e.g in health care, hospitality, teaching, Clerical, childcare professions
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Webb et al (2008): No. of women in employment 47% in 1959 to 70% in 2009.
Pay gap fallen from 30% to 17% since 1975.
More and more women breaking through glass ceiling effect
Francis interviewed number of women about aspirations and concluded that due to increased opportunities women have become more ambitious and aim for high professions.
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GCSEs and Coursework
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Gorard (2005) Gender gap in success rates increased dramatically in 88/89. Coinciding with introduction of GCSEs, which meant more coursework based assesments
Mitsos and Browne support this view by suggesting coursework suits girls as they spend more time on work, care on presentation, more organised and develop better speaking & listening skills
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Positive role models
Weiner: teachers are challenging stereotypes eg sexist images removed from books, more positive imagery of women.
More women taking positions of high responsibility, esp head roles. Often suggested that primary school is a feminised system which could instil notion of gender domain within pupils very early on
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Changes in family
Primary socialisation: Maybe female socialisation more suited to education than typical male socialisation
Lobban Found in story books females are portrayed as dependant passive and quiet whilst boys were more adventurous, active, independent and boistrous.
Changes in : Divorce rate, marriage rate, birth rate, lone parent families, decreasing family size and increase in cohabitation show a change in family and how this might affect womens education.
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