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英语知识点 (词性 (pron. (pronoun 代词) (人称代词 (第一人称代词 (主格[I] [we] 宾格[me] [us]),…

- - - - [my] [your] [his] [her] [its] [our]
    - - 第一人称代词
        
        主格[I] [we] 宾格[me] [us]
      - 第二人称代词
        
        主格[you] 宾格[you]
      - 第三人称代词
        
        主格[he] [she] [it] [they] 宾格[him] [her] [it] [them]
    - - 单数
        
        [myself yourself himself herself itself]
      - 复数
        
        [ourselves yourselves themselves]
  - - - 程度副词
      - 时间副词
      - 频度副词
        
        含义：描述动作的频率，用于修饰动词
        
        e. g. [always(总是) usually(通常) often(时常) sometimes(有时) seldom(很少) never(从不)] (频度由高频到低频)
        
        句子示例（注意在句子中的位置）
        
        [always] e. g. [She always comes to school early.]
        [I can always remember it.]
        [It is always cold in winter.]
        
        [usually] e. g. [I usually watch TV at night.]
        [He is usually busy in the afternoon.]
        
        [often] e. g. [We often go to school by bike.]
        [It is often rainy in summer.]
        
        [sometimes] e. g. [Sometimes, I go out for a walk.]
        [I sometimes go out for a walk.]
        [I go out for a walk sometimes.]
        [It is sometimes snowy in winter.]
        
        [seldom] e. g. [I seldom read newspapers.]
        [It is seldom snowy in summer.]
        
        [never] e, g. [I can never understand his words.]
        [I never drink wine.]
        [Love is never gone.]
      - 地点副词
      - 方式副词
      - 强调副词
    - - 形容词-->副词
        
        一般直接+ly
        
        e. g. [quick quickly]
        
        辅音字母 + y结尾，变y为i + ly
        
        e. g. [lazy lazily] [happy happily]
        
        以ll结尾，直接 + y
        
        e. g. [full fully]
        
        辅音 + le结尾，e变为y
        
        e. g. [able ably] [single singly]
        
        元音 + e结尾，去e + ly
        
        e. g. [true truly]
  - - - e. g. [cloud biscuit book teacher car house man table pen]
      - 复数的变化
        
        一般可数名词 + s
        
        e. g. [car cars] [book books] [teacher teachers]
        
        以/s/ /z/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ /ʧ/ /ʤ/结尾的名词需要补全为es读作/iz/
        
        e. g. [box boxes] [buzz buzzes] [dish dishes] [garage garages] [watch watches] [bridge bridges]
        
        以字母f或fe结尾，去掉f或fe变为ves，读作/vz/
        
        通常情况
        
        e. g. [leaf leaves] [thief thieves] [shelf shelves] [loaf loaves] [knife knives] [life lives] [wife wives] [housewife housewives]
        
        特殊情况
        
        e. g. [roof roofs] [chief chiefs] [belief beliefs]
        
        通用形式
        
        e. g. [scarf scarfs/scarves] [hoof hoofs/hooves]
        
        改变元音
        
        e. g. [man men] [woman women] [foot feet] [ tooth teeth]
        
        辅音字母+y结尾，去掉y变为ies读作/iz/
        
        e. g. [city cities] [baby babies] [party parties] [family families] [nationality nationalities]
        
        以o结尾的名词
        
        辅音字母 + o，直接加es读作/z/
        
        e. g. [tomato tomatoes] [potato potatoes] [hero heroes] [veto vetoes][mosquito mosquitoes] [domino dominoes]
        
        元音字母 + o，直接加s读作/z/
        
        e. g. [zoo zoos] [bamboo bamboos] [radio radios] [video videos]
        
        缩写词以全拼为判断标准
        
        e. g. [photo photos(photograph)] [kilo kilos(kilogram)]
        
        外来词直接 + s
        
        e.g [piano pianos] [tobaco tobacos]
        
        特殊变化
        
        e. g. [child children]
    - - e. g. [glass 玻璃(U) 玻璃杯(C) beauty 美(U) 美女(C)
    - - e. g. [water air rain snow tea coffee milk paper chocolate]
      - 范围
        
        液体状的东西
        
        e. g. [water tea coffee milk beer ...]
        
        物质名词
        
        一眼看不出成分的
        
        e. g. [soap bread chocolate ...]
        
        没有必要数的
        
        e. g. [rice tobaco ...]
        
        抽象名词
        
        e. g. [love friendship work homework]
      - 与量词或some搭配
        
        e. g. [There is some bread on the table.]
        [I am thirsty. Would you bring me some tea, please?]
        [There are two bars of soap in the bathroom.]
  - - - 位置介词
      - 时间&日期介词
      - 普通介词
      - 动作介词
      - 原因介词
      - 目的介词
  - - - vt (transitive verb及物动词)
        
        e. g. [I love you.] [I drink tea.] [I eat food.]
        
        与宾语直接搭配
        
        e. g. [watch TV]
      - 联系动词
      - 情态动词
        
        must
        
        含义：表示必须
        
        肯定句
        
        e. g. [He must go now.]
        
        否定句
        
        e. g. [He needn't go now.]
        
        一般疑问句
        
        e. g. [Must he go now?]
        
        特殊疑问句
        
        e. g. [Who must go now?]
        [What must he do now?]
        
        否定形式：mustn't（禁止）
        
        can
        
        含义
        
        表示能力
        
        e. g. [Can you swim?]
        
        允许（征求对方意见）
        
        e. g. [Can I come in?]
        
        请求、要求
        
        e. g. [Can you open the window, please?]
        
        肯定句
        
        e. g. [I can help you.]
        
        否定句
        
        e. g. [I can't help you.]
        
        一般疑问句
        
        e. g. [Can I help you?]
        
        特殊疑问句
        
        e. g. [Who can help you?]
        [What can I do?]
        
        否定形式：can't,cannot
        
        用法
        
        情态动词在实意动词前，实意动词使用原形
        
        没有人称和数的变化
        
        e. g. [I can ... / She can ... / They can ...]
        
        概念：表示情感、态度
        
        may
        
        否定句
        
        一般疑问句
        
        肯定句
        
        特殊疑问句
        
        含义：可以
        
        否定形式：may not
      - 实义动词
        
        第三人称单数的变换
        
        动词s/es
        
        e. g. [He loves his girlfriend very much.]
        [Jim and Lily walk to school everyday.]
        [They drink beer every night.]
        [My dog watches TV at night.]
        [She goes to school on foot.]
      - 助动词
      - vi (intransitive verb不及物动词)
        
        与宾语搭配需要介词
        
        e. g. [look at me.]
        
        e. g. [I walk.] [I run.] [I must go.] [Please come here.]
      - 感官动词
        
        sound
        
        look
        
        smell
        
        feel
        
        taste
    - - 现在分词
        
        转换方法
        
        动词直接加ing
        
        e. g. [walk walking] [read reading] [see seeing] [go going]
        
        以不发音的e结尾，去掉e加ing
        
        e. g. [come coming] [make making] [smoke smoking]
        
        辅元辅字母结尾，且元音字母处于重读音节。双写结尾字母加ing
        
        e. g. [sit sitting] [run running] [swim swimming] [regret regretting]
      - 过去式
        
        不规则动词
        
        [go went] [make made] [swim swam] [say said] [see saw] [read read] [put put]
        
        规则动词
        
        动词 + ed
        
        [walk walked] [stay stayed] [rain rained]
        
        动词以e结尾 + d
        
        [arrive arrived] [move moved] [smoke smoked]
        
        辅音字母 + y结尾，去y改为ied
        
        [study studied] [try tried] [cry cried]
        
        辅音字母 + 元音 + 辅音字母结尾，双写结尾 + ed
        
        [stop stopped] [slip slipped] [regret regretted]
  - - - 后面名词以元音发音开头读/ðɪ/
        
        e. g. [the italian car]
      - 后面名词不以元音发音开头读/ðə/
        
        e. g. [the student]
    - - [a]后面名词不以元音发音开头
        
        e. g. [a nice car / a big house / a good name]
      - [an]后面名词以元音发音开头
        
        e. g. [an egg / an orange / an hour]
    - - e. g. I am Troy
        I am in China
        I am in GuiYang
        I am Chinese
  - - - 1-12
        
        [one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve]
      - 13-19
        
        [thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen]
      - 20-29
        
        [twenty]
        
        [twenty-one twenty-two twenty-three twenty-four twenty-five twenty-six twenty-seven twenty-eight twenty-nine]
      - 30-39
        
        [thirty]
        
        [thirty-one thirty-two thirty-three thirty-four thirty-five thirty-six thirty-seven thirty-eight thirty-nine]
      - 40-49
        
        [forty]
        
        [forty-one forty-two forty-three forty-four forty-five forty-six forty-seven forty-eight forty-nine]
      - 50-59
        
        [fifty]
        
        [fifty-one fifty-two fifty-three fifty-four fifty-five fifty-six fifty-seven fifty-eight fifty-nine]
      - 60-69
        
        [sixty]
        
        [sixty-one sixty-two sixty-three sixty-four sixty-five sixty-six sixty-seven sixty-eight sixty-nine]
      - 70-79
        
        [seventy]
        
        [seventy-one seventy-two seventy-three seventy-four seventy-five seventy-six seventy-seven seventy-eight seventy-nine]
      - 80-89
        
        [eighty]
        
        [eighty-one eighty-two eighty-three eighty-four eighty-five eighty-six eighty-seven eighty-eight eighty-nine]
      - 90-99
        
        [ninety]
        
        [ninety-one ninety-two ninety-three ninety-four ninety-five ninety-six ninety-seven ninety-eight ninety-nine]
      - 100-999
        
        [a hundred / one hundred] [two hundred] [three hundred] [four hundred] [five hundred] [six hundred] [seven hundred] [eight hundred] [nine hundred]
        
        [one hundred and eleven] [two hundred and twenty-two] [three hundred and thirty-three] [four hundred and forty-four] [five hundred and fifty-five] [six hundred and sixty-six] [seven hundred and seventy-seven] [eight hundred and eighty-eight] [nine hundred and ninety-nine]
      - 1000-9999
        
        [one thousand] [two thousand] [three thousand] [four thousand] [five thousand] [six thousand] [seven thousand] [eight thousand] [nine thousand]
        
        [one thousand one hundred and eleven] [two thousand two hundred and twenty-two] [three thousand three hundred and thirty-three] [four thousand four hundred and forty-four] [five thousand five hundred and fifty-five] [six thousand six hundred and sixty-six] [ seven thousand seven hundred and seventy-seven] [eight thousand eight hundred and eighty-eight] [nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine]
      - 一万——九万
        
        [ten thousand] [twenty thousand] [thirty thousand] [forty thousand] [fifty thousand] [sixty thousand] [seventy thousand] [eighty thousand] [ninety thousand]
      - 10万——90万
        
        [one hundred thousand] [two hundred thousand] [three hundred thousand] [four hundred thousand] [five hundred thousand] [six hundred thousand] [seven hundred thousand] [eight hundred thousand] [nine hundred thousand]
      - 100万——900万
        
        [one million] [two million] [three million] [four million] [five million] [six million] [seven million] [eight million] [nine million]
      - 1000万——9000万
        
        [ten million] [twenty million] [thirty million] [forty million] [fifty million] [sixty million] [seventy million] [eighty million] [ninety million]
      - 1亿——9亿
        
        [one hundred million] [two hundred million] [three hundred million] [four hundred million] [five hundred million] [six hundred million] [seven hundred million] [eight hundred million] [nine hundred million]
      - 235,786,481
        
        [two hundred and thirty-five million seven hundred and eighty-six thousand four hundred and eighty-one]
    - - 第一、第二、第三
        
        [First Second Third]
      - 第四——第十九
        
        [fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenth]
      - 第二十——第二十九
        
        [twentieth]
        
        [twenty-first twenty-second twenty-third twenty-fourth twenty-fifth twenty-sixth twenty-seventh twenty-eighth twenty-ninth]
      - 第三十——第九十
        
        [thirtieth fortieth fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetieth]
- - - - 含义: 动作的承受者
    - - [is] [am] [are]
    - - 含义：用来限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征
  - - - 双宾语动词
        
        概念：直接宾语是谓语动词的承受者；间接宾语表示谓语动作的方向(为谁做)
        
        判断方式: 动词为及物动词且双宾语均为该动作的承受者
        
        e. g. [give teach write send offer read post sell]
        
        普通形式
        
        e. g. [give me a book.]
        
        强调形式
        
        e. g. [give a book to me.]
        [buy a flower for me.]
        [make a bookcase for me.]
        [get that hat for me.]
        
        强调的间接宾语需要用to或for链接
        
        直接宾语是代词时必须采用强调形式
        
        e. g. [give it to me.]
        [buy it for me.]
  - - - 否定句(negative sentence)
        
        主语 + 动词 + not + 其他成分
        This is not Troy.
        He is not German.
        I am not an engineer.
      - 肯定句(positive sentence)
        
        主语 + 动词 + 其他成分
        This is Troy.
        He is German.
        I am an engineer.
    - - 一般疑问句 (yes-no question)
      - 特殊疑问句 (wh-question)
        
        [what] [who] [whose] [which] [why] [when] [where] [how]
        
        语序
        
        特殊疑问词 + be + n.
        
        e. g. What is your job?
        What colour is your coat?
      - 附加疑问句
      - 反问句
  - - - There + be(is/are) + 主语
    - - be: 表示存在;
        用于表示某地存在某人或某物
    - - 主语为第三人称单数或不可数名词搭配is使用
        
        e. g. [There is a witness everywhere.]
        [There is no smoke without fire.]
      - 主语为复数搭配are使用
        
        e. g. [There are spots in the sun.]
        [There are thirty students in the classroom.]
      - 临近原则
        
        e. g. [There are two books, one pen and some ink.]
  - - - e. g. [Shut the door.]
    - - e. g. [Please give me it.]
    - - e. g. [Let's go, OK?]
  - - - 方式：动词放在主语前
        
        be —— be + 主语
        
        e. g. [He is a teacher. —— Is He a teacher?]
        [He is watching TV. —— Is he watching TV?]
        [He is going to study English. —— Is he going to study English?]
        
        情态动词 —— 情态动词 + 主语
        
        e.g. [He must go now. —— Must he go now?]
        [I can help you. —— Can I help you?]
        
        助动词 —— 助动词 + 主语
        
        be、情态动词、助动词同时出现或两两出现 —— 将最左端的动词提前
        
        e. g. [He must be in the office. —— Must he be in the office?]
        
        三无句型（没有be、情态动词、助动词）—— do + 主语
        
        e. g. [I like coffee. —— Do you like coffee?]
        
        肯定回答 e. g. [Yes, I do.]
        
        否定回答 e. g. [No, I don't]
    - - 方式：增加否定词
        
        be —— be + not
        
        e. g. [He is a teacher. —— He isn't a teacher.]
        [He is watching TV. —— He isn't watching TV.]
        [He is going to study English. —— He isn't going to study English.]
        
        情态动词 —— 情态动词 + not
        
        e. g. [He must go now. —— He mustn't / needn't go now.]
        [I can help you. —— I can't help you.]
        
        助动词 —— 助动词 + not
        
        be、情态动词、助动词同时出现或两两出现 —— 在最左端的动词后加not
        
        e. g. [He must be in the office. —— He mustn't / needn't be in the office.]
        
        三无句型（没有be、情态动词、助动词）—— do + not
        
        e. g. [I like coffee. —— I don't like coffee.]
        [I speak Chinese. —— I don't speak Chinese.]
    - - 方式：疑问词 + 动词 + 主语
        
        不针对主语提问
        
        be —— 疑问词 + be + 主语
        
        e. g. [He is a teacher. —— Who is he?]
        [He is watching TV. —— What is he doing?]
        [He is going to study English. —— What is he going to do?]
        
        情态动词 —— 疑问词 + 情态动词 + 主语
        
        e. g. [He must go now. —— When must he go?]
        [I can swim. —— What can you do?]
        
        助动词 —— 助动词 + 主语
        
        be、情态动词、助动词同时出现或两两出现 —— 疑问词 + 在最左端的动词 + 主语
        
        e. g. [He must be in the office. —— Where must he be?]
        
        三无句型（没有be、情态动词、助动词）—— 疑问词 + do + 主语
        
        e. g. [I like coffee. —— What do you like?]
        [I come from China. —— Where do you come from?]
        
        针对主语提问
        
        be —— 疑问词 + be + 被提问的部分
        
        e. g. [He is a teacher. —— Who is a teacher?]
        [He is watching TV. —— Who is watching TV?]
        [He is going to study English. —— Who is going to study English?]
        
        情态动词 —— 疑问词 + 情态动词 + 被提问的部分
        
        e. g. [He must go now. —— Who must go now?]
        [I can swim. —— who can swim?]
        
        助动词 —— 助动词 + 被提问的部分
        
        be、情态动词、助动词同时出现或两两出现 —— 疑问词 + 在最左端的动词 + 被提问的部分
        
        e. g. [He must be in the office. —— Who must be in the office?]
        
        三无句型（没有be、情态动词、助动词）—— 疑问词 + 被提问的部分
        
        e. g. [I like coffee. —— Who likes coffee?]
        [I come from China. —— Who comes from China?]
- - - - /ps/
        
        Archbishop's Palace /ɑːtʃ'bɪʃəps 'pælɪs/
        
        cups /kʌps/
        
        he claps his hands /klæps/
      - /ks/
        
        Mike's car /maɪks kɑː/
        
        books /bʊks/
        
        he likes you /laɪks/
      - /fs/
        
        chef's knife /ʃefs naɪf/
        
        Chinese chefs /ʃefs/
        
        he rebuffs me /rɪ'bʌfs/
      - /θs/
        
        truths /trʊθs/
        
        Beth's dress
        
        The ship berths in New York. /bɜːθs/
    - - /bz/
        
        Bob's mother /bɒbz/
        
        clubs /klʌbz/
        
        Dry sand absorbs water /æbˈsɔrbs/
      - /gz/
        
        Doug's dream /daugz/
        
        The cabin was built of logs. /lɔgz/
        
        Which begs the question -- what would be the point of doing that? /begz/
    - - /ts/
        
        Mallet's computer /'mælɪts/
        
        cats /kæts/
        
        the stimulus allots $400 million to the Department of Energy /ə'lɒts/
      - /dz/
        
        David's Psalms /'deɪvɪdz/
        
        The hospital has three hundred beds /bedz/
        
        “However, let it go.” he adds /ædz/
    - - /s/
        
        Adapted from Anthony Burgess's best-selling novel /'bɜːdʒɪsiz/
        
        horrible bosses /bɒsiz/
        
        the young man feels guilty and confesses to his crime /kən'fesiz/
      - /z/
        
        jazz's volatile fuel /dʒæziz/
        
        two quizzes /kwiziz/
        
        Nuzizo buzzes with the energy of People /bʌziz/
      - /θ/
      - /ʃ/
        
        He bent to her wishes /wɪʃɪz/
        
        She washes her clothes. /wɒʃiz/
      - /ʧ/
        
        Swimmers crowded the beaches. /bi:tʃiz/
        
        He beseeches the tempest /bɪ'siːtʃiz/
      - /ʤ/
        
        No one judges his job. /'dʒʌdʒɪz/
        
        We have some advantages. /əd'væntɪdʒiz/
  - - - [walk walked] [watch watched] [help helped]
    - - [open opened] [play played]
    - - [want wanted] [need needed]
- - - - 基本概念：目前正在发生的动作
      - 形式：主语 + am/is/are + doing
      - e. g. [I am watching TV.] [We are cleaning the room.] [She is playing guitar.]
      - 句型变换
        
        肯定句
        
        e. g. [She is watching TV.]
        
        否定句
        
        e. g. [She isn't watching TV.]
        
        一般疑问句
        
        e. g. [Is she watching TV?]
        
        回答
        
        否定
        
        e. g. [No, she isn't.]
        
        肯定
        
        e. g. [Yes, she is.]
        
        特殊疑问句
        
        e. g. [Who is watching TV?]
        
        e. g. [What is she doing?]
    - - be going to句型
        
        基本概念：表达预先计划和打算要做的事
        
        形式：主语 + am/is/are + going to + do
        
        变形：主语 + am/is/are + going + to + be +adj./n./prep. ……
        
        e. g. [I am going to go shopping this weekend.]
        [I am going to be happy this year.]
        
        句型变化
        
        肯定句
        
        e. g. [She is going to go shopping this weekend.]
        
        否定句
        
        e. g. [She isn't going to go shopping this weekend.]
        
        一般疑问句
        
        e. g. [Is she going to go shopping this weekend?]
        
        回答
        
        肯定
        
        1 more item...
        
        否定
        
        1 more item...
        
        特殊疑问句
        
        e. g. [Who is going to go shopping this weekend?]
        
        e. g. [What is she going to do this weekend?]
        
        e. g. [When is she going to go shopping?]
        
        口语形式：主语 + am/is/are gonna + do
        
        变形：主语 + am/is/are + gonna + be +adj./n./prep. ……
    - - 基本概念：表达经常的状态、习惯的动作、真理
      - 表达经常的状态的形式：主语 + is/am/are
        
        e. g. [They are very bad.]
      - 表达习惯的动作的形式：主语 + 动词
        
        e. g. [They often cheat in exams.]
      - 表达真理的形式：主语 + is/am/are；主语 + 动词
        
        e. g. [The earth is round.]
        [The sun rises in the east.]
      - 句型变换
        
        肯定句
        
        e. g. [They drink beer every night.]
        [He loves his girlfriend every much.]
        
        否定句
        
        e. g. [They don't drink beer every night.]
        [He doesn't love his girlfriend very much.]
        
        一般疑问句
        
        e. g. [Do they drink beer every night?]
        [Does he love his girlfriend very much?]
        
        回答
        
        肯定
        
        e. g. [Yes, they do.]
        e. g. [Yes, he does.]
        
        否定
        
        e. g. [No, they don't.]
        e. g. [No, he doesn't.]
        
        特殊疑问句
        
        e. g. [What do they do every night?] (不针对主语提问)
        [Who drinks beer every night?] (针对主语提问)
        [Who does he love very much?] (不针对主语提问)
        [Who loves his girlfriend very much?] (针对主语提问)
    - - 基本概念：表达过去发生的动作
      - 形式
        
        主语 + was/were
        
        e. g. [He was in the office.]
        
        句型变换
        
        肯定句
        
        e. g. [He was in the office.]
        
        否定句
        
        e. g. [He was't in the office.]
        
        一般疑问句
        
        e. g. [Was he in the office?]
        
        1 more item...
        
        特殊疑问句
        
        e. g. [Where was he?]
        [Who was in the office?]
        
        主语 + 动词过去分词
        
        e. g. [He went to school yesterday.]
        
        句型变换
        
        肯定句
        
        e. g. [He went to school yesterday.]
        
        否定句
        
        e. g. [He didn't go to school yesterday.]
        
        一般疑问句
        
        e. g. [Did he go to school yesterday?]
        
        1 more item...
        
        特殊疑问句
        
        e. g. [Who went to school yesterday?]
        [Where did he go?]
        
        there be 句型
        
        e. g. [There was a car race in our town in 1988.]
        
        句型变换
        
        肯定句
        
        e. g. [There was a car race in our town in 1988.]
        
        否定句
        
        e. g. [There wasn't a car race in our town in 1988.]
        
        一般疑问句
        
        e. g. [Was there a car race in our town in 1988?]
        
        1 more item...
        
        特殊疑问句
        
        e. g. [Where was a car race in 1988?]
        [When was a car race in our town?]
        [What was there in our town in 1988?]
  - - - 过去
      - 现在
      - 将来
    - - 一般
        
        含义：表示习惯、通常的动作
      - 进行
        
        含义：表示正在发生的动作
      - 完成
        
        含义：表示已经完成的动作
- - - - [tourist] [artist] [novelist] [terrorist]
    - - [teacher] [worker] [singer]
    - - [employee]
    - - [enjoy] [enlarge] [endanger] [enslave]
  - - - [stepfather] [stepbrother] [stepson]
    - - [ex-girlfriend] [ex-wife]
- - - - 名词's + 名词(被限定的词)
        
        e. g.
        
        Marry's dress
        
        The boy's father
        
        Tom's watch
        
        Mike's car
        
        The bird's song
        
        缩写用法
        
        名词拼写以s结尾且发音为/z/
        
        名词(s)'s + 名词
        
        e. g. [Tomas's book / Jones's car]
        
        名词(s)' + 名词
        
        e. g. [Tomas' book / Jones' car]
        
        复数情况
        
        名词拼写是s结尾的复数
        
        名词(s)' + 名词
        
        e. g. [the teachers' reading-room / the boys' teacher]
        
        省略用法
        
        名词's + 名词(可省略)
        
        e. g. [This shirt is Tim's shirt. = This shirt is Tim's.]
    - - 名词(被定语限定的词) + of + 名词
        
        e. g. [The photograph of our village.]