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Judgement and Reasoning (Covariation (Confirmation bias (Overconfidence:…
Judgement and Reasoning
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Covariation
relationship between two variables such that the presence (or magnitude) of one variable can be predicted from the presence (or magnitude) of the other; positive or negative
Confirmation bias
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Belief polarization: Given your beliefs, ambiguous information makes you believe them more strongly.
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Dual Processing
Type One: 
fast and effortless, but prone to error
Type Two:
slower and require more effort than Type 1 strategies, but are less prone to error
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Deductive vs. Inductive
De. Argument: True Premise + True Premise = True Conclusion
In. Argument: True Premise + True Premise = Probably True Conclusion
Syllogisms
Categorical syllogism
Belief Bias
Truth is not the same as validity in a logical argument