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53 years old, woman, persistent hoarseness for past 3 weeks. (structural…
53 years old, woman, persistent hoarseness for past 3 weeks.
structural (vocal folds)
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Goitre
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Graves' Disease
Signs and Symptoms:
Pretibial Myxedema
Heat intolerance
Exophthalmos
Diarrhea
Unintentional Loss of Weight
Increase in resting heartrate
Muscle dystonia
(excessive laryngeal or extralaryngeal tension)
poor breath control, hard glottal closures,
laryngopharyngeal reflux, and stress.
Spasmodic dysphonia, i.e.. laryngeal
dystonia
focal laryngeal spasm
Signs and Symptoms:
halting, strained, strangled voice quality
Voiceless gaps in speech
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Neurological diseases
Myasthenia Gravis
Fluctuating hoarseness,
Worse later in the day
recover with rest
Parkinson's Disease
hypophonic, soft breathy and monotone voice
Resting vocal fold tremor
Other Parkinsons' signs and symptoms
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Uncommon
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Amyloidosis
also present with dyspnea, cough, stridorodynophagia and rarely hemoptysis
Autoimmune
Rheumatoid Disease
Only when other causes are excluded and other rheumatoid symptoms and signs exists
RED FLAGS
SOB, Stridor, Cough, Hemoptysis, Throat pain, dysphagia, odynophagia and weight loss unassociated to acute respiratory infection