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respiratory system: (mouth and nose: (air enters the respiratory system…
respiratory system: 
mouth and nose:
air enters the respiratory system through either the mouth or nose the air entering through the nose is warmed, moistened, cleaned and thinly over a very wide area
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trachea:
it is more commonly known as the windpipe. It is made up of c-shaped rings of cartilage that keep it open. It allows the air to flow from the pharynx to the bronchus
bronchus:
the trachea divides up into two bronchi, one for each lung. This allows air to flow in and out of the lungs
lungs:
they are two large, spongy, elastic organs located in the chest area. They can expand easily during inhalation and contract back to their normal size during exhalation
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the lungs contain millions of tiny air sacs called alveoli. Oxygen moves from the alveoli to the capillaries. Carbon dioxide moves from the capillaries to the alveoli
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there are approximately 300,000,000 alveoli in each lung which provides a large surface area for gaseous exchange
each alveolus is covered in capillaries. This allows for the fast diffusion of gases between the air in alveoli and the dissolved gases in the blood flowing through the capillaries
continuous breathing maintains a difference in the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide in alveoli and capillaries. This helps diffusion because gases will always move from an area of high concentration to one of low concentration
inhalation is the act of breathing in. The diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract and the lungs expand
exhalation is the act of breathing out the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax and the lungs return to their original volume