Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
META ETHICS (EMOTIVISM - A.J.Ayer (Identifies 3 types of statements.…
META ETHICS
EMOTIVISM - A.J.Ayer
-
-
-
We have a subjective reaction to moral issues e.g. when we say abortion is wrong we're merely saying we dislike it.
-
-
-
-
-
Cannot enter into moral discussion anymore than we can prove which flavour of ice cream is the best.
-
INTUITIONISM
-
-
-
-
You can make a list of properties for a complex thing (e.g. horse) but cannot make a list for simplistic things (e.g. yellow). it cannot be described but you can point to examples that you know are good.
-
-
-
Takes the is-ought gap seriously. G.E.Moore and Hume recognise the difficulty of linking facts to values.
-
-
PRESCRIPTIVISM
-
-
-
Effectively saying ' you must not have an abortion' in the hope that the person will agree with this opinion.
we are attempting to universalise our prescribed course of action + argue that it is good / bad for everyone.
-
-
-
Leads to moral relativism + an insistence on tolerance, makes tolerance an absolute hence potentially self-defeating.
-
NATURALISM
moral truth can be, to some extent, observed empirically.
-
-
-
Naturalistic Fallacy
it is a mistake to identify a moral claim with something that is natural. e.g. we have sharp teeth, it is part of our nature to eat meat so therefore it is wrong to only eat vegetables.
Fact- Value Distinction
there's gap between the facts of a matter and the moral value that we deduce. there's no argument that can bridge this gap.