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Stalin's economics Policy (Effects (Collectivisation (Short Term…
Stalin's economics Policy
Reasons
National Level
Russia was 50 years behind time after revolutions and thus needed to catch up with current times.
One of the major issue is Economy. Need to catch up through modernising and producing agricultural and resources in an exponential rate. (Three five year plans)
If they do not modernise, they may be crushed by other countries (Russia Civil War, where other countries came and assisted the anti-communist)
Specific
Agricultural
Lack of food to feed workers
Needed to modernise farming industry
Need to trade food for money which can be used to invest in country's growth
Industrialisation
Need to catch up with the current modernisation, and to achieve that, Russia must have enough industrial resources and technology (Communication in Transport)
Effects
Industrialisation
Long term
Country
Also allowed Russia to survive the great depression due to the large amount of material they possess
The Russian industry was made a lot more efficient and helped to boost the economy of the country
Saved Russia in World War II, using most factories that were used to industrialise the country to create weapons, making the ability for the country to manufacture weapons at faster rate to provide to soldiers in the war
People
Repression of religion, deprivation of freedom of movement, deprivation of basic necessities (standard of living dropped and people began put in less effort in their work)
Inequalities appear due to capital incentives due to Kulaks and NEPmen
Women gained more job opportunities(or more were forced to take up a job), compulsory education where education was not easily available before, people who worked hard were rewarded with holidays
Short Term
Country
Managed to catch up with other countries that were more modern such as Britain and France
managed to produce more resources at an increasing rate
People
Cramp living spaces, poor sanitation, lack of food.
Collectivisation
(Country (Long Term)) Collectivisation made it easier to introduce modern farming methods that boosted Russia’s agriculture
(Country (Long Term)) Use of machinery to make farming more efficient and make performing tasks by the farmers to be much more efficient
(Country (Long Term )) Increased agricultural productivity in the country’s development by making farming more efficient.
(People (Long Term) Gave people opportunities to move to the city and work in factories
Need for farmers was reduced
(People (Long Term)) Peasants had better healthcare, education, homes.
(People (Long Term)) Lesser freedom of action, work for state and area and are accounted for it.
Short Term
Country
Chaos, agricultural production collapsed. Famine across southern USSR, 10-15 million died. Only till later then Stalin allowed them to have their own land
Most farms were collectivised by 1936
People
Ate less food, famine, diseases struck
Chaos, agricultural production collapsed. Famine across southern USSR, 10-15 million died. Only till later then Stalin allowed them to have their own land
Most farms were collectivised by 1936
National Level (on USSR)
Benefits
Turned USSR into a modern and industrialised state
Made the USSR make it through WWII a lot more easily
Jobs for everyone, 100% employment during the great depression
Free work-related education
Farming efficiency was greatly increased.
Rise in ranks of production of resources (2nd to USA)
Save costs in production
Negative
Standard of living dropped, people were living lives worse than before the revolutions happened
Lack of focus on consumer goods
Workers were treated harshly, punishments, Stakhanovite etc..
People living in fear everyday
Lost of millions of lives over the course of several years
People were oppressed and unable to voice themselves properly
Great drop in farm animals (livestocks)
Description
Collectivisation
Stalin's collectivisation policy comprised of making farmers combine their farms so that it was one main farm.
This was to reduce the materials required by individual farmers and to give a rapid boost to agriculture production.
These combined farms were called khlokhoz.
Industrialisation
Industrialisation was brought by to rapidly modernise Russia to bring it closer to the level of more modern countries.
Industrialisation involved the introduction of new industries to the country such as coal, oil, iron, electricity, steel as they were basic materials in industrialisation.
When these earlier basic industries were taken care of, Stalin moved on to more advanced industries, focusing on minerals such as lead, zinc and other metals.
Industrialisation introduced new modes of transport not available to the people before, such as railways.
New modes of communication like the telephone were also made available to the public.