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Economic transformations and social changers (Demographic growth (15th and…
Economic transformations and social changers
Demographic growth
15th and 16th centuries
population growth because they improved their harvest (cosecha), end of the plague (the blak death; peste negra) and the end of wars.
it grew slowly because of the diseases, the lack of hygine and the not medical advances.
mainly because of trade, agricultural and handicraft products
Economic growth
agrarian activities
the agricultural sector was encouraged by good harvests and the clearing of new land
handicrafts
homeworking to avoid control guild, but buisness people provided it so they could take teir raw materials and sell them on
trade
grew because of geographical discoveries, trade routes were diversified and new products were traded, Atlantic and North sea trade had a positive impact in Seville and Lisbon and the Mediterranean trade in Italian ports.
merchant capitalism
based on capital acquired from trade, banks were founded (official and private), greater circulation of money, mercantile and banking operations were simplified (promissory notes) and the first trading companies were established.
Social Changes
the nobility and the clergy
the power of the monarch increased
the bourgeoise
grew with the transoceanic trade, buissness dealings and baking. They established their social status over the commoners.
the peasantry
the majority of the commoners, their living conditions improved in the Western Europe: not more serviants, work their own land or were paid to work. In Eastern Europe: wasn't such freedom in the land.