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Semantic Memory (Theories (explain sentence verification data) (Network…
Semantic Memory
Theories
(explain sentence verification data
)
Network Models
Links
Set inclusion (is a)
Property attribution (has a)
Hierarchical network model (Collins & Quillian)
RT is function of levels
Less levels=faster RT
Cognitive economy
Problems
RT=associative strength (Not levels)- Conrad
Typicality effect
Similarity effect
More similar=longer RT
Spreading activation model (Collins & Loftus)
Non-hierarchical
Variation in associative strength
Activation spreads to linked concepts
Semantic priming
Problems
Similarity effect?
Negative judgments
Feature Comparison Model
Distributed features
Multidimensional scaling (how to study distributed semantic features)
Rate how similar a pair of concepts are
Represent concepts in semantic space
Infer the dimensions used to organise concepts
Two-stage decision model (explains sentence verification)
Comparing similarity of features
Defining features (essential)
Characteristic features (less important)
Explains typicality and similarity effect
Problems
Neuropsychological Studies
Selective
and
category-specific
impairment
Patient JBR
Impaired knowledge of living things
Impaired with food
Organisation of concepts
perceptual-functional theory
Living things are visual different from each other
Objects are different in their functions
Distributed-plus-hub theory
Anterior temporal lobes house concepts
Deterioration of ATL is evident in semantic dementia patients
Incorporates knowledge across senses