TRANSLATION

LO's:

Explain the terms genetic code, codon, anticodon, translation

Understand the structure of eukaryotic genes and the role of mRNA in translation for protein synthesis

Outline protein synthesis, explaining the function of the ribosome, mRNA and tRNA in this mechanism

Note that the actions of some antibiotics interfere with the mechanism of protein synthesis

Genetic code

20 different amino acids

Codon

Every 3 bases in mRNA

Specify a single amino acid

Types:

Start

Stop

Anticodon

3 base code on tRNA

Must be charged with an amino acid

Requires ATP

Each tRNA combination has a different syntheses

Ribosome

Sub-units

Small

Large

Contains tRNA

3 different sites:

A site

P site

E site

Elongation cycle

Steps:

  1. Recognition
  1. Peptide bond formation
  1. Translocation

AUG

Triggers bonding of release factor

Antibiotics

Attack translation process

Types: