Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Socialism (Core Principles (Why Equality? (Believe that economic…

- - - - Collectivism advances a belief in the community, social group etc - emphasising capacity for collective action
      - Stress alturistc humans' ability and willingness to work together collectively for the common good -
      - Generally, socialists promote collective action in pursuit of their goals of equality, social justice, community, harmony etc. because of their optimistic view of human nature
    - - Utopian socialists set up experimental communes - robert owen
      - Revolutionary promote it through mass working-class uprisings, collective ownership and the abolition of the state
      - Evolutionary promote it through state nationalisation redistribution and taxation and extensive welfare and trade unions, rights and activities
- - - - Label gave to western communist parties who chose to abandon revolutionary socialism. Theory has all been abandoned now due to collapse of communism in late 20 century
    - - Early evolutionaries like Sidney Webb;'fundamentalist in their aims of overthrowing capitalism. Webb wrote the original Clause 4 of the Labour party constitution
    - - Change to revisionist ideas of reforming capitalism. Produced social democracy: a mixed economy which combined private and state ownership more liberal equality of opportunity
- - - - is any ideal society system or way of life. Theorising embracing the vision of a perfect society - devised by Sir Thomas Moore in his Utopia (1516)
      - Positive concept of Utopianism implies a highly optimistic view of human nature as perfectible - William Godwin "Perfectability is the most unequivocal characteristic of the human species"
      - There is no common perception of utopia - many different philosophers have envisaged different 'ideals' even within an ideology like utopian socialism
      - Negative concept of utopianism implies an over-optimistic view of human nature and an idealistic, moralistic style of theory which envisages an unattainable fantasy
    - - Is a materialistic theory: ie it sees economic factors as primary
      - Marxism perceives human history as a series of economic stages of society, most of which contain two main classes
      - Bourgeoisie (ruling) take the surplus value created by the Proletariat (workers), as the only source of profit (labour creates new value). Constitutes exploitation , generating class conflict
      - Combined with economic crises and recessions, will make worker aware that capitalism only serves the interests of a minority ruling class. Workers will revolt to overthrow capitalism
      - Industry is collectively owned, classes will have been abolished and communism achieved
      - The state is merely a political agent of the economic ruling class in every class stage of human society. Therefore when classes are abolished, the proletarian state will simply 'wither away'
      - Marx claims to not be wishful thinking but 'scientific determinism'. Ie It is inevitable