Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
A2 SOCIAL "RESPONSES TO PEOPLE IN NEED" (CONTEMPORARY…
A2 SOCIAL "RESPONSES TO PEOPLE IN NEED"
CONTEMPORARY
LEVINE(2001)- CROSS-CULTURAL ALTRUISM
METHODOLOGY
DV
helping rate of the 23 cities calculated to give each city an Overall Helping Index
METHOD & DESIGN
cross-cultural quasi experiment independent measures design
correlations were calculated between helping behaviour and community variables for all 23 countries; population size, economic well-being(Purchasing Power Parity), type of culture and pace of life.
IV
hurt/injured leg
blind victim trying to cross the street
whether the victim dropped a pen
SAMPLE
pps were large cities in each 23 countries = 1,200
PROCEDURE
AIM
to see if helping strangers varies across cultures
to identify the characteristics of those communities in which strangers are more(or less) likely to be helped
to establish if the tendency of people to help strangers is universal or dependent on the characteristics of the city
RESULTS
BACKGROUND
CONCLUSION
KEY TERMS
individualistic societies
western cultures that place more emphasis on themselves and their nuclear family
simpatia societies
spanish/latin countries where concerns for well-being of other with an obligation to be friendly, polite and helpful
collectivist societies
eastern cultures that put the needs of the family and community above their own
CLASSIC
PILIAVIN(1969) - SUBWAY SAMARITAN
METHODOLOGY
DV
race of helper
sex of helper
speed of help
movement out f the critical area
frequency of help
verbal comments by bystanders
METHOD AND DESIGN
field experiment independent measures design
IV
race of victim - black/white
effect of models' helping behaviour - presence/ absence
type of victim - drunk/ill
group size- large/small
SAMPLE
opportunity sampling on the New York subway. approx.4500pps(45% black/ 55% white)
PROCEDURE
AIM
impacts of helping behaviour
RESULTS
race of victim
black and white victims helped equally, although same race helping observed more in drunk condition
effects of model
type of victim
cane victime received 95% of spontaneous help
drunk victims received 50% spontaneous help
groups size
no evidence for diffusion of resposibility
BACKGROUND
CONCLUSION
men are more likely to help than women
individual who appears to be ill is more likely to receive help than one who appears to be drunk
KEY TERMS
Bystanders apathy
we fail to help in situations where someone needs help
Diffusion of resposibility
individual's likeliness to help or not to help with the presence of others