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Germany 1918-1945 (WEIMAR GERMANY (THE WEIMAR CONSTITUTION (before war,…
Germany 1918-1945
WEIMAR GERMANY
1918, germany defeated in WW1
socialist revolts appeared all over , sailor mutinied
Kaiser abdicated on 9th nov 1918
ebert became new leader, signed armistic with allies
jan 1919 free election, ebert won majority
THE WEIMAR CONSTITUTION
before war, germany basically dictatorship under kaiser
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chancellor responsible for day to day gov, but had to have support of half of reichstag
president head of state - in emergency could rule country directly through emergency powers = no need consult reichstag
REBELLIONS
LEFT WING
SPARTACISTS
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led by karl libeknecht and rosa luxemburg who wanted germany to undergo a communist revolution like russia
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RUHR
1920 police, army and freikorps clashed with communists = 2000 casualties
RIGHT WING
KAPP PUTSCH
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german workers declared a general strike - capital had no transport, power or water = over
TREATY OF VERSAILLES
MAY 1919
germany lost:
10% land
all overseas colonies
12.5% population
16% coal, 48% iron
army reduced 100,000, no air force
germany had to accept war blame, and pay reparations
ebert had no choice - but germans hated weimar - they stabbed them in the back
to right wing opposition - november criminals
ECONOMIC DISASTER
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HYPER INFLATION
workers needed wheelbarrows to carry home their wages
affected poor people and people with savings and pensioners
aug 1923 new gov under stresemann took over
replaced old currency with rentenmark
negotiated to receive american loans under dawes plan annd reparation payment
THE STRESEMAN ERA
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golden age for cinema - star marlene dietrich, fritz lang
dance clubs, night clubs, songs and films about sex
streseman - a skill in foreign policy
1926 germany into league of nations
1929 young plan - lightened reparations
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