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Chapter 11: Visual Knowledge (Mental Image (Create (some info about visual…
Chapter 11: Visual Knowledge
Visual Imagery
Experiencing a sensory impression in the absence of sensory input.
Visualizing images of words promotes better recall.
Visual Perception Overlap
imaging one thing can make it difficult to perceive something else, or that imaging the appropriate target can prime a subsequent perception.
Function in the same way
Follow the same rules
Are affected in the same way
Carried out by the same brain areas
Examples
Mental Image
Create
some info about visual appearance or spatial arrangement is stored in long-term memory in terms of verbal labels or conceptual frameworks
Visual vs. Spatial
Separate and can have on w/o the other
draw on information stored in an image file in long-term memory
Eidetikers
detailed, photographic imagery
mechanism unknown
Perceptual reference frame that guides the interpretation of the image
Influences what can be discovered about the image.
Kosslyn (1976): Yes/No on Mental Image
Whisker” studies
Suggest that mental imagery preserves the spatial relations of things as you would actually see them
Long-Term Visual Memory
Stored in a piecemeal fashion
Images that have more detail take longer to create
Imagers
Image files
Recipes or instructions for how to construct an active mental image of the object or shape
Represent visual information in terms of propositions, or verbal labels
Benefits
Helps memory
Dual coding
High-imagery words, for instance, can be coded as both word and image.
At the time of retrieval, either code will provide the sought-after information.
Evidence
Picture-superiority effect
Better memory for concrete than abstract words
