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Judgement and Reasoning (attribute subsitution (availability heuristic…
Judgement and Reasoning
frequency estimate
what we use to base judgements, defined as a statistical technique for estimating the probability of encountering an object of a hitherto unseen species, given a set of past observations of objects from different species
attribute subsitution
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availability heuristic
specific case of attribute subsitution, index of frequency or liklihood
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Covariation
Relationship between two variables
Negative or positive, and can vary in strength.
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Confirmation Bias
People are more responsive to evidence that confirms their beliefs. This is similar to over regularization by schemata. Essentially, we ignore disconfirming data
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Dual-process models
Type 1 refers to thinking that is fast and
automatic and that uses heuristics.
Type 2 refers to thinking that is slower,
effortful, and more likely to be correct
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Confirmation bias—people are more
responsive to evidence that confirms their beliefs and less responsive to evidence that challenges their beliefs
Belief perseverance is a tendency to
continue endorsing a belief even when evidence has completely undermined it.