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Acids, Alkalis, and Salts (Salts from Bases (Reacting an acid with an…
Acids, Alkalis, and Salts
Dissolving a substance in water forms an aqueous solution. Depending on the solute, this may be acidic, alkaline, or neutral
Soluble hydroxides are known as alkalis, they form alkaline solutions
Bases, which include alkalis, are substances able to neutralise acids
All alkalis form OH⁻ ions when aqueous, these are what make the solution alkaline
Acids all form H⁺ ions when aqueous, these are what make their solutions acidic
Reactions between acids and bases are known as neutralisation reactions as the H⁺ ions and OH⁻ ions react to form neutral water, with the remaining ions forming salts
Acidity/Alkilinity is measured using the pH scale, with 0 being the most acidic, 14 being the most alkaline, and 7 being neutral. Indicators are substances that change colour when in contact with an acid or an alkali, and can be used to determine pH
Salts from Metals
We can make salts by reacting acids with metals, provided the metal is more reactive than hydrogen.
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Salts from Solutions
Reacting an acid with an alkali will result in a neutralisation reaction, forming a soluble salt and water
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