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Malaysian Scenario (Problems and issues of Integrated solid waste…
Malaysian Scenario
Waste Generation in Malaysia
25 % industrial
8% commercial
64 % of the waste is from domestic source
3% construction & institutional
16,000 tons of domestic waste per day
primarily contributed by 5 states (Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Pahang, Terengganu & Kelantan)
Big Challenge
Waste management and waste minimization is not the sole responsibility of
Local authorities
agencies responsible
Ministry of Housing and Local Government
Ministry of Environment
Ministry Of Health
Various academic institutions
NGOs
The Waste Disposal System
solid waste disposal is done almost solely through landfill
There are 168 disposal sites throughout the country,
-7 are sanitary landfills
-the rest are open dumps (80% already full and have to be closed
Problems and issues of Integrated solid waste management
Laws were too general and were far from satisfactory
Lack of resources and faced municipal budget constraint
Finding new disposal sites (existing disposal sites were nearly exhausted)
Dumping of wastes in open fields and rivers are common even until today
-31.9% of waste were disposed by open burning
-6.5% were dumped into the river system
Insufficient technologies & facilities
Lack of a well managed recycling market
Insufficient government funds
Insufficient regulations
Lacking of awareness and self initiative
Government initiatives and milestones
Privatise responsibilities of Local government
-2 concession companies
Alam Flora for the Central Region
Southern Waste for the Southern Region
3Rs in Malaysia was launched
-Introduction of:
Policy for Integrated Solid Waste Management in Malaysia – 2001,
National Strategic Plan for Solid Waste Management in Malaysia – 2005
Master Plan on National Waste Minimization -2006
Action Plan For A Beautiful & Clean Malaysia (aka ABC)
Produced by:
Ministry of Housing and Local Government (MHLG)
-continuously educate people on cleanliness and resources recovery
-cleanliness campaigns
-strict enforcement of the anti-litter by-laws
-Research development to cope with the ever changing environment
Management strategies
Concentrates on enhancing quality of services
Monitoring and quality control
Build new sanitary landfills & incinerators
Courses and training to improve delivery system
Upgrade on sanitary landfills
immediate Safe closure of 16 landfills in critical areas
Waste minimization in Malaysia
requires knowledge about:
composition of the waste
cradle-to-grave analysis (the tracking of materials from their extraction to their return to earth)
production process
two effective ways for waste minimization
firms' production system & technical changes
a regulatory system that may finance the modification of internal organization