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Hormonal control GI (Gastrin (Secreted from (G cells found in antrum of…
Hormonal control GI
Gastrin
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Secretion stimulation
- Stomach distension
- Alkalinisation
- Presence of AA
- Vagal stimulation via gastrin releasing peptide
Results
- Increased gastric acid secretion parietal cells
- Increased gastric motility
- Increased growth mucosa
Histamine
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Secretion stimulation
- Gastrin
- Direct parasympatheitc stimulation vagus
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Somatostatin
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Results
- Inhibits gastric acid secretion from parietal cells
- Decreased pepsinogen secretion
- Decreased pancreatic and small intestine secretions
- Decreased glucagon and insulin secretion
Prostoglandins
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Acts on
- Smooth muscle cells of blood vessels
- Mucous producing cells of stomach
- Parietal cells
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Results
- Increase blood flow
- Increase mucus secretion
- Decreased gastric acid secretion
- 'Protective effect'
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
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Acts on
- Acinar cells of pancreas
- Gallbladder
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Results
- Increased pancreatic secretions
- Increased bile production
- Bile delivery:
- Gall bladder contraction
- Relaxation of sphincter of Oddi
- Decreased gastric emptying
Secretin
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Results
- Increase pancreatic bicarbonate secretion
- Increase bile secretion
- Decreased gastric acid secretion
Motilin
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Result
- Produces migrating motor complexes
- Increases peristalsis
Incretins: GIP and GLP-1
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Secretion stimulation
Presence of fatty acids, AA and glucose
Results
- Induces insulin secretion
- Inhibits glucagon secretion
- Decreases gastric acid secretion
- Delays gastric emptying
Ghrelin
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Secretion stimulation
- External stimuli
- Fasting inbetween meals
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Leptin
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Acts on
- Lateral hypothalamus
- hypothalamic arcuate nuclei
Secretion stimulation
- Always present in blood, levels increase with fat increase
- Diurnal variation, highest levels between midnight and early morning
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