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WIF Understanding Individuals psychosocial perspective (psychosocial…
WIF Understanding Individuals psychosocial perspective
psychosocial perspective
PISC perspective
changes in PISC brings changes to other parts
refer to personality theory and certain
sociological concepts
Human behavior
reaction to the outside world is
mediated by his personality functioning
role concept/theory is also an
important tool
Theoretical basis
system theory
ego perspective
role theory
System theory
definition of system
way of thinking about and assessing the relatedness of
people and their impinging environments
Essence of systems theory
a group of
interrelated
parts & way they function together
ecological: relationships between organisms
Self-regulating
entity through feedback mechanism
Circular causality(
ongoing series of actions and reactions)
Systems theory concerns
Parts: whole relationship
How one part interacts with other parts
How
changes
in one part affect other parts of the system
key assumptions of systems theory
individuals function as a part of many systems
affected by and affect system
dynamic interchange
misfit between individuals and the systems :arrow_right: problem arise
worker's role: enhance the fit between indi and system
Contribution of system theory to social
work practice
focus on
interactions btw indi and system
fosters
sustained change
btw indi and social env
move beyond ‘presenting problem’ to
core problem
recognizes the value of the social context
Ego Psychology
Concept of ego
Id
ego
Function of Perception
see,hear,feel
inner perception: Accurate perception of self
Outer perception: Accurate perception of others and situations
Reality testing: Ability to differentiate one’s own subjective experience and the objective world
Cognitive Functions
Ability to understand knowledge
and our world by reasoning
logical and abstract thinking
ability to remember, associate
and differentiate
ability to anticipate
ability to make decisions
Management of Relationships
Responsiveness to others
Ability to regulate closeness/distance
Commit and invest self to others when appropriate
Ability to balance/frustration in relationship
Management of Needs and Feelings
Ability to tolerate frustration
Ability to find substitute satisfaction
Ability to reconcile conflicts
Ability to act in accordance with the
reality principle
The Executive Function
Ability to take action
Ability to take alternative detour action
Capacity for persistence in pursuing
goals despite difficulties
The Integrative Function
responsible for binding or fitting all the different aspects of the personality into a unified structure that acts upon the external world
the capacity to learn and integrate new learning into the functioning of the ego
superego
Assessment of client's ego
functioning
Principles
Techniques
How he sees his problem (Perception)
What he thinks (Cognition)
What he has done (Execution)
What he feels (Management of feeling)
What he says about other people (Management of
relationships)
Hints on intervention
Develop ,maintain and strengthen the various ego functions
Facilitate situational changes
Contributions of ego psychology
optimistic and humanistic view of human functioning and potential
provided the rationale for intervention approaches
Role Theory
pattern of behavior that is associated
with a particular position (or status) in society
Key concepts
Role concepts
person’s belief
Role demand/expectation
Other people’s perception
Role performance
person’s actually performance
Role set
entire array of roles that one person plays at a given time
Role conflict
strain occurs when there are conflicting and competing demands made by several roles
inconsistencies amongst role concepts, role expectation and role performance
concepts of role in interaction
personality, exp, intetelligence :arrow_right: role conceptions
society's expectation :arrow_right:role demands
all to role performance
Contribution of role theory
Recognition of Social functioning
“relation between the coping activity of
people and the demand from the environment” (Bartlett, 1970)”
needs and wants satisfied through interaction with
people, organizations and social institutions
During assessment
awareness of ‘others’ and their views
role dysfunctions
During intervention
skill training
resources to support / substitute
mutual and ongoing adjustment in interpersonal relationships