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PE Key terms and definitions (Abduction - Movement of limb away from the…
PE Key terms and definitions
Abduction
- Movement of limb away from the mid-line of the body
Adduction
- Movement of limb towards mid-line of body
Ad
renaline
- Hormone that causes rapid increase in heart rate
Aerobic energy
- System used when sufficient oxygen is available to meet the demands of working muscles and systems
Anaerobic energy
- Production of energy without the use of oxygen
Antagonist
- Muscles that work with the prime mover/agonist to control movement at joints. As the prime mover contracts the agonist relaxes- VICE VERSA
Muscular endurance
- Ability of muscle or muscle group to work very hard for long periods of time
Blood pressure
- Force of blood exerted against walls of arteries during pumping of blood about body
Carbohydrate loading
- Increased intake of carbohydrate before endurance events, leads to increased amounts of loading glycogen in muscles
Cartilage
- Tough soft tissue covering and protecting ends of bones, providing shape for parts of the body, acting as a shock absorber
Cardiac output
- Amount of blood pumped out of the heart each minute
Continuous training
- Working for sustained periods of time training
Coordination
- Ability to perform complex movements easily
Extension
- Limb movement, straightening of the joint
Fartlek
- Speed play- method of training in which we vary the pace and training conditions
Fatigue
- Tiredness as a result of physical activity, caused by a build up of lactic acid in the body
Flexion
- Limb movement, bending of the joint
Feedback
- Information about the outcome of a performance
Weight training
- Using weights as a form of resistance training
Tidal volume
- Amount of air breathed in and out during normal breathing
T
endons
- Elastic connective tissue that attaches muscles to bones
Synovial joint
- Joint containing synovial fluid to reduce friction, allowing a wide range of movement
Stroke volume
- Amount of blood pumped out of heart each beat
Strength
- Ability of muscles or muscle group to overcome a resistance
Stamina
- Ability of heart and lung systems to cope with prolonged activity
Speed
- Ability to move all or part of the body as quickly as possible
Rotation
- Turning movement of a body part about the long axis of the joint
Respiratory rate
- Number of breaths per minute
Plyometrics Training
- method using explosive movements to develop muscular power, i.e. hopping, bounding
Prime movers Or AGONISTS
- muscles that are responsible for movement at joints
Lactic acid
- Waste product of muscular action that builds up if oxygen is not available
Ligament
- Elastic tissue connecting bone to bone, stabilising movement at joints
Interval training
- Any training using alternating periods of very hard exercise and rest.
Heart rate
- Number of heart beats per minute.
Flexion
- Limb movement, bending of the joint