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Structural Lipids in Membranes (Galactolipds (Galactolipids, lack…
Structural Lipids in Membranes
Glycerophospholipids (phosphoglycerides)
Hydrophobic regions composed of two fatty acids joined to glycerol
Highly polar or charged group attached to third carbon via phosphodiester linkage
Amphilic nature: important
membrane
components.
Sphingolipids
Sphingosine instead of glycerol backbone
Galactolipds
lack phosphate but have simple sugar or complex ogliosaccharide at polar ends
Galactolipids
Usual sugar is glucose or galactose.
Often found in nerve and brain cell membranes
predominate in plant cells
Sterols
Present in membranes of most eukaryotic cells
Characteristic structure is steroid nucleus, which consists of four fused rings, three with six carbons and one with five
Fused rings don't allow rotation around C-C bonds
Cholesterol
Very hydrophobic, only hydroxyl group hydrophillic
Component of animal cell membranes
Presence of cholesterol in membranes can modify role of membrane bound proteinis
Precursor of other sterols like hormones and vitamin D3
Bile acids are polar derivatives of cholerosterol that act as detergents in the intestine, emulsifying dietary fats to make them more readily accessible to digestive lipases