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P2 (2) (Energy, Work and Power (Finding the Power (Power measures how…
P2 (2)
Energy, Work and Power
Finding the Power
Power measures how quickly work is done, or energy is transferred(measured in watts(W) or Kilowatts(kW)
Power(W) = energy transferred(J) / time(s), force(N) x distance(m) / time(s)
The same Work but easier
Dragging an object up an ramp is easier than lifting it up as they only work against a component of gravity, not the direct force
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Static Electricity
Investigating Charges
Objects with the same charge repel, objects with opposite charges attract
Atoms contain electrons(negative charge), when different materials are rubbed together, electrons move from one material to the other(some gain electrons some lose them)
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Non-Ohmic devices
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How do they work?
Diodes, LDRs, thermistors and light emitting diodes are made from semiconductor materials
Components in Series
Serial Circuit
Current is the same everywhere, The total resistance of several components is each component's resistance added together, The supplied potential difference is shared across components in the same proportion as their resistance
Cells in Series
When cells are added together, their potential difference adds together
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Plugs and Cables
Cables and Fuses
Three -Pin plug(Neutral wire = blue, Live wire = brown, Earth wire = green and yellow)
Double Insulated = plastic outer case and no touchable metal parts(use two-core cables, live and neutral wires
Three-Core wire (earth,live and neutral wire)
The fuse is connected in series with the live wire and protects the appliance and flex from overheating(if current is too large = the fuse melts and breaks the circuit)
Shocking
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Mistakes while wiring a plug (connecting wires to the wrong pins, Not gripping the cable tightly under the cable grip, Not attaching wires firmly to the pins, Having too much bare wire exposed)
