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HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE By Stephanie1°b…
HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE By Stephanie1°b
Hardware: Physical components of the computer, such as the electrical circuits inside the machine, the wiring and the monitor.
INTERNAL COMPONENTS
CPU: Its is the most important part of a computer. It is the machine`s brain. It interprets instructions from programs and processes data as well as managin and controling the entire system.
MEMORIES: The memory is where we store the data and instructions that forms part of the programs. There are two different types of memory:
ROM: (Read only memory) The contents of this can only be read. It stores the data that enables the computer to operate, and also let's the CPU communicate with other components. It's not erase even if we turn off the computer.
RAM: (Random access memory) It's contents can be change. It's a read_write, and it is erase when we turn off the computer. RAM temporalely stores the programs and data thata are being used by computer.
STORAGE DEVICES
MAGNETIC:
HARD DEVICES: They store data and information, even if the computer have been turned off.
PORTABLE HARD DEVICES: Are external storage units that have a large storage capacity.
OPTICAL:
CD-ROMS, DVDs and Blu Ray Discs (BD) are compact discs that are read by laser beams. They have a large storage capacity.
SOLID STATE DEVICES: Flash Memories is very compact and has large storage capacity of up to several gigabytes.
PERIPHERAL DEVICES
OUTPUT:
MONITOR/SCREEN: This displays images or text. It has buttons to control the brightness, the contrast...
PRINTER: It prints information in different formads, on normal paper, photographic paper.
INPUT:
MOUSE: It allows us to perform a number of actions by moving the pointer or cursor(usually an arrow) and pressing a button.
KEYBOARD: It let us enter data(characters, letters and numbers) and use the computer to perform specific functions.
OTHER INPUT DEVICES ARE: Webcam, microphone, scanner, tactile screen, bar code reader...
INPUT/OUTPUT: It make it possible to enter information into or to get information from a computer. Tablets and smartphones are proper computers that have a microprocessor, memory...
They have input devices(a screen keyboard, a camera and sensors) and output devices (a screen), as well as a wireless connection for sending data to a computer or to other devices.
SOFTWARE
OPERATING SYSTEMS: The O.S. and drivers wich allow us to use the different peripheral devices. The O.S. is loaded from the hard drive and store in the RAM where it remains until turned off. The most popular O.S. for P.C. are Windows, MacO.S. and Linux.
APPLICATIONS: Word processor, spreadsheets, databases, tools for processing images, graphic desing, programs and games.