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Chapter 12: Motivation and Emotion (Motivational States (Why do we act …

- - - - Childhood or past experiences
      - What is the bridge between
        remote causes and behaviors?
        Immediate causes? #
      - 1000s of years of
        natural selection
    - - 13 instincts (parenting, food seeking,
        repulsion, curiosity, social interaction, etc)
        [William McDougal 1923]
        
        Due to the inconsistency in
        number of instincts,
        instinct solution is
        questionable
        
        Shopping instinct?
        Probably not
      - Human beings motivated
        by things in the environment
        (e.g., spiders spinning webs)
        [William James 1890]
      - 5000 instincts
        [Luther Bernard 1924] #
  - - - Large variations
    - - Internal state is
        very consistent
        (homeostasis) where bodily
        conditions are monitored
        by sensors
        
        Eating when you're hungry,
        sleep when you're sleepy (drive)
        
        This returns the body
        to equilibrium
        
        There is "drive-reduction"
        which helps explain some
        of our motivated behaviors
- - - - Reflexive temperature
        regulation
        
        temp too high: hypothalamus
        activated the parasympathetic
        nervous system
        
        2.