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Personality (Trait Theory # # (The Big Five (Openness to Experience…

- - - - imaginative v down-to-earth, likes variety v. likes routine, independent v conforming
    - - organized v disorganized, careful v careless, self-disciplined v weak-willed
    - - softhearted v ruthless, trusting v suspicious, helpful v uncooperative
    - - social v retiring, fun-loving v sober, affectionate v reserved
    - - worried v calm, insecure v secure, self-pitying v self-satisfied
  - - - power over self-presentation
      - Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) from 40 item questionnaire
      - High NPI scorers are active on social media, have more "friends", more staged/glamorous photos, appear more narcissistic to viewers
      - increasing among US college students
      - Critique: replication isseus
- - - - Oral Fixation (overeating, nail biting, drinking, smoking)
    - - Anal Fixation: anal-retentive or anal-expulsive
    - - Oedipus Complex: boy's sexual desire for mother --> jealousy of father
      - Electra Complex: girl's sexual desire for father --> jealousy of mother
      - resolving conflict (age 5/6): recognize parent would win in fight, protect themselves by identifying with "rival" parent. Superego gains strength by following parent's values
    - - no interest in sex, same sex playmates
    - - resurgence of sexual urges, focused on opposite-sex peers etc
  - - - mediates demands of id and superego. mostly conscious
        
        Reality Principle: Ego's capacity for delayed gratification of Id in order to satisfy Superego (function safely in real world)
        
        creates defense mechanisms to minimize anxiety due to conflict between id and superego, protects the ego from being overwhelmed by guilt/anxiety
    - - unconsciously strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives.
        
        Pleasure Principle: Id's boundless drive for immediate gratification
      - Eros: instinct for life preservation and sexual drive
      - Thanatos: death instinct, aggressive/destructive drive
    - - conscience and long term aspirations
- - - - Self-Actualization: achieving one's full potential, including creative activities
      - Esteem Needs: prestige/feeling of accomplishment (psychological)
      - Belongingness and Love Needs: intimate relationships, friends (psychological)
      - Safety Needs: security, safety (basic)
      - Physiological Needs: food, water, warmth, rest (basic)
  - - - actual self v ideal self v ought self
      - differences between actual, ought, and ideal --> tension within a person