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Unit 5: States of Consciousness (Sleep (Sleep Stages (Theta Waves (Stage 2…
Unit 5: States of Consciousness
Defining Consciousness
Freud's Theory
Unconscious: hiding place
Contemporary Beliefs
Unconscious: a track which operates without our awareness
Psychologically induced
Hypnosis
Posthypnotic Amnesia
Posthypnotic Suggestion
Explanation
Social Influence Theory
Divided Consciousness Theory
Dissociation
Meditation
Sensory Deprivation
Physiologically induced
Hallucination
Orgasm
Food or Oxygen Starvation
Occur Spontaneously
Daydreaming
Drowsiness
Dreaming
Sleep
Biological Rhythms
Circadian Rhythm
Entrainment
Sleep Stages
Beta Waves(1)
Hypnagogic sensations
Alpha Waves
Awake but drowsy/ Stage 1 NREM
Twilight
Theta Waves
Stage 2 and 3 NREM
Sleep Spindles
Delta Waves(5)
Stage 3/4 NREM
Night Terrors
REM
REM Rebound
Nervous System Structures
Pons
Hypothalamus
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN)
Pineal Gland
Melatonin (induces sleep)
Functions
Prtotect
Recuperate
Restore
Build fading memories
Feed creative thinking
Growth
Effects of Sleep Loss
Affects REM sleep processing of emotional experiences
Can lead to weight gain
Suppresses immune system
Slower reaction time
Increase errors on visual attention tasks
Predictor of depression
Sleep Disorders
Insomnia
Narcolepsy
Cataplexy
Sleep Apnea
Night Terrors
NOT NIGHTMARES
Parasomnia
Sleepwalking/Somnambulism
Sleep Talking
Dreams
Lucid dreams
Explanations
Manifest Content
Latent Content
Wish-fulfillment Theory
Sigmund Freud
"The Interpretation of Dreams"
Psychactive Drugs
Addiction
Substance Use Disorder
Tolerance
Neuroadaptation
Depressants
Alcohol
Alcohol Use Disorder
Reduce neural activity and slow body functions
Barbiturates
Tranquilizers (sleeping Pills or Anti-Anxiety drugs)
Can impair memory or judgement
Opiates
Morphine
Heroin
Codeine
Depress neural functioning; decrease pain
Stimulants
Nicotine
Cocaine
Methamphetamine
triggers the neurotransmitter dopamine and its euphoria
Ecstacy (MDMA)
(Stimulant and mild hallucinogen)
Caffeine
Hallucinogens
LSD
Near-Death Experience
Marijuana
THC