The Nazi Dictatorship
Propaganda
Purpose
Promote extremist views
Intimidation
Create support
Promote new initiatives ie. Nazi Youth
Present Hitler as a good leader
Twisting history
Influencing German behaviour/ opinions to believe in the party
Photographs
Hitler had a personal photographer, Heinrich Hoffman
Images were rehearsed and practiced to get maximum effect from his audience
Film
Goebbles was responsible for approving every film made in Germany
One thousand films were produced in the regime only one-sixth being used for propaganda
1940 three anti-semitic films were made
Films were probably more effective in keeping support for the regime than indoctrinating people with Nazism
The need for entertainment took priority
The Police State
The Gestapo
The all knowing totalitarian police state
Cultivated from Allie propaganda
Complete control
Ability to strike terror and horror
As well as it effectiveness
Limitations of policing
Limited manpower of 40,000 members for the whole country
Prompted by public informers between 50-80%
Most information was mere gossip which genetaed enormous amounts of paperwork with limited return
Culture
Anti-Semitism
Militarism and the glorification of war
Nationalism and the supremacy of the Aryan race
The cult of the Fuhrer and the power of absolution
Anti-modernism and the theme of 'Blood and Soil'
Neo-paganism and a rejection of traditional Christian values
The Economic Recovery
It was led by Hjalmar Schacht, president of the Reichbank
Banking and the control of the Capital
Intially the state took over the capital within the economy and fixed interest rates and reschedule the large scale debts of local authorities
Assistance of farmers and small business
Placed trariffs on imported goods to protect German farmers
More secrity of land ownership to small farmers through the Reich Entailed Farm Law
Allowances encouraging the rehiring of domestic servants
The allocation of grants to house repairs
Public Work
In June 1933 the 'Law to Reduce Unemployment' was passed
The voluntary labour force was aimed at 18-25 year olds also the Reich Labour Service (RAD) was established
After conscription was legalised all young men were required to serve 6 months in the RAD before joining the forces
Reforestation
Land reclamation
Motorisation
Building houses
Schacht's New Plan
In July 1934 Schacht was given dictatorial powers over the economy, which he used to introduced the 'New Plan' of September of 1934
This provided the government with complete control over all trade
Schatch's plans to help the economy to recover was proven and it was clear by mid-1936 that Germany was on the way to full economic stability
Unemployment had fallen to 1.5 million
Industrial production had increased by 60% since 1933
GNP had grown over the same period by 40%
The Four-Year Plan
The two main goals for Germany were
The Germany economy must be fit for war within four years
The German armed forces must be operational within four years
Hermann Goring was appointed in charge of making Germany autarky. In order to do this he had to:
Regulate imports and exports
Control the key sectors of the labour force
Increase production of raw materials so that they can reduce costs of importing goods into Germany
Develop substitute products for example oil (from coal) and artificial rubber
Increase agricultural produciton
Volksgemeinschaft
Industrial workers
Largest social group
Largest Nazi organisation
Fall in employment was down to the removal of women and jews and the conscription of men
DAF went form 5 million in 1933 to 22 million in 1939
Peasant and Small Farmers
Farm debts and mortages were written off plus they were given small interest plus a range of tax allownace
Small farms were bought together (collectivisation)
Landowners
German victories meant that they could acquire land cheaply
Mittlestand
Largest party to vote Nazi in the election
Money from jewish business was offered to low interest rate
The Law to Protect Retail Trade banned retail stores, many of which were jewish
They were being squeezed out due to an ageing workforce
Nazi Policy against 'outsiders'
AN outsider in Nazi Germany = person who did not conform or was not allowed to be apart of the Volksgemeinschaft of the Third Reich
The phrase 'gradualist' is used to describe the Nazi policy towards the jews - it was done bit by bit
Laws that were passed
1933
1935
1938
Jews excluded from the economy
Jews couldn't practice medicine
Jews weren't allowed in public areas
Jewish businesses closed
1939
Jewish curfew
Jews excluded from civil service
Jews lost citizenship
Jews couldn't marry