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Reproduction and Breeding (Testis (impotency caused by (health and…

- - - - Transport of ovum
    - - Implantation, pregnancy
    - - Produces ova, hormones
    - - Prevent external
        disturbance
    - - Copulation organ
    - - Reproductive organs opening
- - - - Cattle
        
        Increased activity
        
        Bellowing
        
        Thin clear vaginal mucus
      - Mare
        
        Hind legs spread
        
        Pelvis tilted
        
        Tail diverted
        
        Evert clitoris, urine
      - Sow
        
        Stand rigid with ears erect
      - Bitch
        
        Sanguineous
        discharge from swollen vulva
  - - - Obvious
        bleeding
        
        Due to shedding of the
        vascularised walls of the uterus
      - Uterine activity
    - - Proestrus -
        follicular growth
      - Estrus -
        sexual receptivity
      - Metestrus -
        corpus luteum formation
      - ovarian activity
      - Diestrus -
        corpus luteum
        fully functional.
- - - - Store & carry sperm & seminal
        fluids to penis
    - - Deposit sperm into vagina
    - - Produces fluids (carries the sperm to the penis)
    - - Produces sperm & sex hormones
- - - - in seminiferous tubules
      - spermatogonia----> primary and secondary spermatocytes--->spermatids ---->spermatozoa
      - large quantities of testicular fluid secreted into the lumen by Seminiferous tubules
      - ertoli cells associated with spermatogoniato support and sustain the spermatogonia
      - Hormonal control
        
        LH
        
        to produce testosterone
        
        Testosterone and inhibin
        
        exert negative feedback control over hypothalamus
        
        anterior pituitari
        
        regulate the level of testosterone in the blood
        
        FSH
        
        to produce sperm & inhibin
        
        GnRH
        
        to secrete FSH and LH
      - Abuse of anabolic steroid is associated with oligospermia cause male infertility
    - - Leydig cells produce testosterone
      - High concentration of testosterone inhibits LH release from anterior pituitary
        
        by feedback mechanism
        
        testosterone inhibit LH secretion
        
        testosterone and estrogen inhibit FSH secretion
- - - - Small number of eggs spawn
      - larger and less vulnerable larvae
      - long incubation period
      - demersal eggs
      - Very short life cycles
      - Protected surface
    - - Large number of eggs spawn
      - vulnerable larvae
      - short incubation period
      - buoyant or pelagic eggs
      - asexual and sexual
  - - - Increase survival chances of fragile egg
      - Reduces female body size/weight