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Concept Mapping: Before Emergence (Sprout twisted or leaves expanded…
Concept Mapping: Before Emergence
No seed planted
Planter Problems
Clogged seed delivery system
Planter unit drive problems
Seed not sprouted
Seed not viable: seed is unable to grow, will not produce a healthy crop
Fertilizer in contact with seed
Insect or Disease
Ammonia Injury
Lack of oxygen (flooding)
Seed Normal, not swelled
Soil too dry
Seed Swelled, not sprouted
Soil too wet
Seed not viable: seed is unable to grow, will not produce a healthy crop
Soil dried out
Rotted Seed or seedling
Seed rots
Gibberella
Diplodia
Fusarium
Pythium
Colletotrichum
Sprout twisted or leaves expanded underground
Chloroacetamide herbicide injury
Insecticide injury
Cloddy soil
Fertilizer burn
Seed too deep
Biuret damage: Toxic to germinating seeds and cause injury to corn seedlings
Mechanical injury
No Plant emerged
Seeds eaten, dug up, or sprout cut off
Seeds Hollowed out
Insect Damage
Seed Corn Beetle
Thief ant
Wireworm
Flea beetle larva
Seed Corn Maggot
Plants pulled up, eaten
Bird Damage
Crows, pheasants, blackbirds
Rodent Damage
Mice, voles, ground squirrels
By: April and Katelin
