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Mao Zedong: Moncher_Soriano_Halvadzija (Consolidation & Maintenance of…
Mao Zedong: Moncher_Soriano_Halvadzija
Emergence of Authoritarian State
Conditions
Economic Factors
Most of China's population were peasants and China wanted to become a greater power
Japan's exploitation of peasants and rejection of needs of rural areas
Social Division
Peasants were thrown off to the side and disregarded, and Mao wanted to make sure everyone was equal and there to be no social classes.
Impact of War
The Japanese were becoming the more powerful Asian nation and they slowly started to invade China (1937-45)
Eliminate warlords which made Mao and Jiang to create a United Front (1924)
Weakness of Political System
1911- collapse of the Qing Dynasty
Country Ran by Warlords (1916-1927)
Mao believed that there needed to be a stronger central government to run the country
Methods
Persuasion and Coercion
Mao got on the peasants side
Mao told the people of China that The CPC was the best option for China if they wanted to move forward
After Mao defeated Jiang in the civil was Mao had the path open
The role of Leaders
There was no stable leader in China until after Mao came in and took over in 1929
Leaders before Mao caused economic problems and China to be exploited by Western Powers
Ideology
Everyone should be equal there should be a strong Central Government
Use of Force
Anyone against the Regime or that criticized Mao was considered and opposition and Mao focused on removing anyone that was a threat
Propaganda
China began to become enclosed and anything published had to support communism and go against capitalism
Consolidation & Maintenance of Policies
Legal Methods
Mao's most important idea was for the people of China to be able to identify their enemy. This was one of the legal ways he would maintain power and have the people look up to him.
Mao used the cultural revolution to have most students leave school and their studies to go and destroy universities, capitalistic writings in China and even abuse their teachers.
Nature, Extent & Treatment of Opposition
Oppositions would be shamed and sent to the country's south to be "cleansed". The people would usually be verbally and physically abused and in some cases even killed.
If you opposed the government in China you would have critics and some type of punishment but it was not as brutal as the punishment of opposition in the USSR under Stalin.
Impact of the success/failure on Maintenance
One of Mao's failures was the hundred flowers campaign because a large amount of people criticized the government even though the first five year plan was fairly successful.
Aims & Results of Policies
Aims & Impact
Economic
Five Year Plans
=>small scale cooperatives=>large scale cooperatives--industrialize as quick as possible, so China can get up to par
The Great Leap Forward-1958-1962
Mao wanted to increase the steel production-->no more private land and communes began to crack down, overall lead to famine from 1959-61
Cultural & Social
Marriage Reform-1950
Arranged marriage, foot-binding, and prostitution was abolished and allowed women to have more control in some aspects of their life
Agrarian Reform-1950
Mao redistributed the land and called all peasants to rebel against their landlords
Policies on Women & Minorities
The impact of the policies on women allowed Mao to gain popularity not only with men but with women as well.
The impact with minorities was similar, due to the Agrarian Reform gave peasants a sense of belonging due to their leader, Mao.
Authoritarian control & extent
There is a great extent to which Mao upheld an authoritarian state. Mao fulfilled the lack of individuality and speech in China. The citizens didn't have very many freedoms and were obedient to Mao.