Principles of Evolution

🚩Natural Selection (Cacioppo & Freberg, 2016)

Descent with modification

🚩 Mutation (Cacioppo & Freberg, 2016)

Errors in DNA replication

🚩Migration (Cacioppo & Freberg, 2016)

🚩Genetic Drift (Cacioppo & Freberg, 2016)

🚩Fitness (Cacioppo & Freberg, 2016)

🚩Adaptation (Cacioppo & Freberg, 2016)

Charles Darwin

reproduction and survival pressures

EXAMPLE: blue eyes in humans (Hullinger, 2015)

People lived near the Black Sea and developed a mutation of blue eyes

Two partners with blue eyes had sexual intercourse to keep trait in future generations

EXAMPLE: people changing location (Gray & Jordan, 2000)

due to changing climate

due to changing landscape

due to inadequate food

EXAMPLE: different hair (Dorey, 2015)

curly

straight

better in hot climates

evaporation of sweat in your neck

keeps neck and head warm

better in cold climates

Moving to new location for specific reasons

Ability of a genotype to reproduce

Genetic changes

Random; Accidental

Environmental factors

EXAMPLE: mother having 12 children

Process of change because of natural selection

EXAMPLE: only red hair in villages (Your Dictionary, n.d.)

due to random births with no other hair colour

increases her biological "fitness"

EXAMPLE: early humans hand shape (Young, 2003)

toss a spear or throw a rock the best and survive