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Gender, Crime and Justice (Gender Patterns in Crime (evidence for CT…

- - - - men have protective attitudes towards women
      - unwilling to charge, arrest, or convict
      - not in OS = invalid
  - - - more lenient towards women
    - - young males 2.33 times more likely to have been criminal last year
      - OS showed that they were 4x more
  - - - women not more leniently sentanced
    - - 2x more male shoplifting
        
        OS suggests there are more women
    - - more serious, bigger the gender gap
    - - e.g rape
      - crimes of powerful (mostly men)
  - - - not in favour of women (CT)
      - but against them
      - more harshly
        
        when against hetersexuality
        
        when against motherhood
    - - double standards
        
        girls not boys for sexual promiscuity
    - - Scottish courts - women with children in care
      - than 'good mothers'
    - - rape cases: victim on trial
      - prove her respectability
  - - - sex role theory
      - control theory
      - liberation thesis
- - - - dominant
      - most men wish to have
      - paid work, subordinate women, hetero
    - - WC, ethnic minority - no resources for ^
      - turn to crime as a result
      - MC men: crime to achieve HM
      - WCC, or CC
- - - - domestic violence
      - financial power
    - - no staying out later
      - develop ' bedroom culture'
      - no deviant behaviours, more housework
  - - - stay indoors
- - - - women working = decent standard of living
      - women in Carlen's study had failed at legitimate decent living
      - most in poverty , no job
      - claiming benefits
    - - gender roles for material / emotional rewards
      - abused by fathers / partners
      - time in care - broken family bonds
    - - crime as an escape, from poverty
    - - free will??
      - choices in offending?
- - - - increase in OS, not SRS
    - - prosecuing females for less serious crimes
      - more minor offences
    - - 'defining deviance up'
      - trivial offences in net
    - - past: girls behaviour labelled as 'welfare' issues
      - now as criminality
  - - - men > women victims of homocide
      - women > men victims of intimate violence
      - 10x women reported sexual as.
      - 8% females report sexual as.
      - women > men fear, women < men risk