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Germany's international position, 1924-28 (The extent of disarmament…
Germany's international position, 1924-28
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The Locarno Pact, 1925
October 1925, western European powers met conference in Swiss city- Locarno
France suspicious attended, US, Britain and Italy NOT USSR
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1st time Germany recognised western border imposed at Versailles- accepted loss Alsace-Lorraine to France and Eupen-Melmedy to Belgium
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German withdraw forces occupying Rhineland- postponed to Jan 1925 (German refusal agree disarmament obligations Versailles)- achieved without assurance of disarmament
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Rhineland Pact
Germany, France, Belgium respect western frontier drawn up at Versailles 1919 (frontier regarded fixed and internationally guaranteed)
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Britain and Italy promised aid Germany, France or Belgium if country attacked by neighbour
Arbitration Treaties
Germany agreed with France, Belgium, Poland and Czechoslovakia dispute settled by conciliation committee mediate discussions
France signed treaties of ‘mutual guarantee’ with Poland and Czechoslovakia, France make sure Germany did not break agreement above
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Relations with the USSR
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USSR: 1st communist state, rights individual subordinate those state
Germany: democratic system of government- guaranteed individual freedom BUT KPD campaigned close links USSR (Germans opposed communist political system)
Both:
Defeated in war, suffered punitive peace treaties
Existence independent Poland supported by French guarantees- threat to security (Poland contained large German/ Russian minorities)
Treated as ‘outcast’ nations by victorious powers, not allowed join LON
April 1922: Walther Rathenau negotiated Treaty of Rapallo with USSR under terms:
Germany and USSR resumed trade/ economic cooperation
Diplomatic relations between 2 countries restored
Outstanding claims compensation war damage dropped
Germany allowed develop new weapons/ train pilots in USSR away from scrutiny Allied powers
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The Treaty of Berlin
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Signed 1926 (year after Locarno Pact)- despite guarantee Germany’s western frontiers, Stresemann not abandon desire secure revision Germany’s eastern frontiers
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