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Timeline (1964 (1983 (1986 (1990 (1991 (1992 (George & Brief (1992) …

- - - - 1990
        
        1991
        
        1992
        
        1993
        
        1994
        
        1995
        
        3 more items...
        
        Motowidlo & Van Scotter (1994)
        
        Tested the measures of CP
        
        Scale of 16 items
        
        Podsakoff & MacKenzie (1994)
        
        Helping Behavior
        
        Altruism
        
        Courtesy
        
        Peacekeeping
        
        Cheerleading
        
        Sportsmanship
        
        Civic Virtue
        
        Scale of 14 items
        
        Van Dyne, Graham & Dienech (1994)
        Based in Graham (1989)
        
        Loyalty Obedience
        
        Social Participation
        
        Advocacy Participation
        
        Functional Participation
        
        Scale of 37 items
        
        Borman & Motowidlo (1993)
        Introduction of Contextual Performance (CP)
        Categories:
        
        Volunteering to carry out activities that are not part of the job
        
        Persistence with extra enthusiasm when necessary
        
        Helping and cooperationg with others
        
        Following organizational rules and procedures
        
        Endorsing, supporting and defending organizational objectives
        
        Does not require discretionarity nor that it be nonrewarded.
        
        George & Brief (1992)
        "Organizational Spontaneity"
        
        Measures
        Helping co-workers, protecting the organization, making constructive suggestions, developing oneself, and spreading goodwil.
        
        Differences with OCB:
        No restrictive assumptions abput going beyond the job description or rewards.
        
        Definition:
        Spontaneity can refer to impulsive acts.
        Extra-role behaviors that are performed voluntarily and that contribute to organizational effectiveness.
        
        Graham (1989; 1991)
        OCBs as civil citizenship:
        
        Organizational Loyalty
        
        Organizational Obedience
        
        Organizational Participation
        
        William & Anderson (1991)
        Broad categories of OCBs
        
        OCBO -> Towards Organizations
        
        OCBI -> Towards Individuals
        
        IRB -> In-Role Behavior
        
        Scale of 7 items for each one
        
        Organ (1988; 1990)
        
        OCBs + Peacemaking
        
        OCBs + Cheerleading
        
        Podsakoff et. al. (1990)
        5 Major Categories:
        
        Altruism
        
        Conscientiousness
        
        Sportsmanship
        
        Courtesy
        
        Civic Virtue
        
        Scale of 24 items
      - Brief & Motowidlo (1986)
        Prosocial Organizational Behavior
        
        Any behavior in an organizational setting
        aimed at improving the welfare of someone to whom the behavior is directed.
        
        Differences with OCB:
        
        OCBs are considered as a kind of prosocial organizational behavior.
        
        OBCs are always organizationally functional.
        
        OCBs are strictly extra-role.