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STRUCTURE OF IMMUNE SYSTEM (LYMPHATIC SYSTEM : :star: (function :fire:…
STRUCTURE OF IMMUNE SYSTEM
IMMUNE CELLS
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derived from
PLURIPOTENT HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL
eg: WBC, RBC, MEGAKARYOCYTES
HEMATOPOIESIS
- Developmental process to give rise
of variety hematopoiesis cells and it is controlled by
cytokine
and/or hormones
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
: :star:
definition
system of capillaries, vessels, nodes and other organs that
transport a fluid called lymph from the tissues as it returns to the bloodstream
network of lymphatic vessels
defence cells
lymph
originates as blood plasma that leaks
Become interstitial fluid
Plasma is forced out of the capillaries (filtration) by
hydrostatic pressure
Forced back in (absorption) by
osmotic pressure
Gradual increase in the volume of fluid
90%
returned to circulatory system by osmosis
10%
is collected by the lymphatic system by diffusion
into lymph capillaries
function
:fire:
removal of excess fluids
return plasma that leaked out of capillairies back to bloodstream
absorption of fatty acids & transport of fat
as
chyle
(milky fluid consist of fat droplet and lymph)-drains from small intestine into lymphatic system during digestion)
Production & transporting of immune cells
lymphoid
tissues and organ
scattered throughout
the body
Primary
bone marrow
site of B cell maturation
site of hematopoiesis
thymus
produces
thymosin
stimulates maturation of lymphocytes in other lymphatic organ.
processing and maturation of T Lymphocyte
Secondary
Lymph nodes
Filtering/clearing
Activation of immune system
inspect presence of new/foreign antigens & take action
Spleen
general function
Site of Lymphocyte proliferation
Monitoring of Immune response
Blood Clearance
white pulp
T Cell
act on antigens in blood
B Cells
converted to plasma cells to produce antibodies
red pulp
Store
material after rupture of B cell
Macrophage
destroy
dead cells
Production
of erythrocyte during pregnancy
myeloid lineage :explode:
Granulocytes
neutrophile
2-5 lobes connected by fine
nuclear strand
transparent cytoplasm
phagocytosis
eosinophile
2 lobes nuclei
cytoplasm full with granules
basophile
2-3 lobes
cytopasm full with distinct granules
Agranulocytes(mononuclear phagocytes)
macrophage(tissue)
mature monocytes
large phagocytes
dendritic cells
reside body’s tissue
cellular messengers for adaptive immune response
monocytes
mobile progenitor
bigger than granulocytes
large nucleus
mast cells
reside in all connective tissue
mediator during Inflammatory and allergic reaction
lymphoid lineage :explode:
B cells
Antibody production through Plasma cells
Memory cells formation
T cells
Destroy infected cell (intracellular pathogens)
Memory cells formation
Helper T-Cells
(TH)
identified by presence of
CD4
marker
Cytotoxic T-Cells
(TC)
identified by presence of
CD8
marker
Both TH and TC also have
T-Cell Receptor (TCR)
and
CD3 surface molecules
Natural killer cells
Destroy infected cell (intracellular pathogens)
