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(Renal structure (Apex (Renal papilla), Medulla (12 renal pyramids),…
Renal structure
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Renal vein (superior to ureter, anterior to artery)
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Renal artery (superior to ureter, posterior to vein)
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- Collecting ducts - Minor calyx - Major calyx - Renal pelvis- Ureter
Kidneys
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Excrete waste products, metabolism as urine
Position
Diaphragm contracts, kidney moves down
Right kidney lower, due to liver
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Coverings
- Abdominal wall muscles
- Kidney
- IVC
- Aorta
- Vertebra
- Psoas major
- Quadratus lumborum
- Pararenal fat
- Prirenal fat
- Fibrous capsule
- Renal fascia
- Fascia transversalis
Anterior relations
- Liver
- Suprarenal glands
- Descending part of duodenum
- Stomach
- Spleen
- Left colic flexure
- Right colix flexure- Descening colon
- SI
- Jejunum
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Urine Formation
Reabsorption
- 70% filtrate reabsorbed proximal tubule + loop of Henle
- Important solites (glucose, AA) actively transported out of proximal tubule
- Reabsorption sodium: Loop of Henle
- NOT under hormonal control
Regulated
- Hormones control rate of transport and water
ADH: distal tubule, collecting duct
Secretion
- After filtration, tubule continues to secrete additional substances into tubular fluid
- Enhances kidney's ability to eliminate certain wastes and toxins: regulation of plasma potassium conc and pH
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Blood Flow
- Aorta
- Renal artery
- Segmental artery
- Interlobar artery
- Arcuate artery
- Corticol radiate artery
- Afferent arteriole
- Glomerulus capillaries
- Efferent arteriole
- Peritubular capillaries (vasa recta)
- Cortical radiate VEIN
- Arcuate VEIN
- Interlobar VEIN
- Renal VEIN
- IVC