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Soil Climate & Physics (Basics (Physical exchanges (Minerals, Organic…
Soil Climate & Physics
Basics
External driver
Sun
Solar energy
Definition
Study
Energy transfer
in soils
Physical exchanges
Minerals
Organic matter
H2O
Gases
Primary factors
Short term
Climate/weather
H2O (or lack of)
Biological activity
Heat transfer
Emissivity
Relative measure
Object's ability
emit radiant e-
@ given temp
Conduction
Through object
Convection
Upward radiation
Radiation
Outward source
Emitted by all
Energy in Soil
Effects of sunshine
Irradiation
Heating
Longwave
Not thru atmosphere
Shortwave
Thru atmosphere
Solar e- = Major source
Radiant e-
In = solar radiation
Out = Long/shortwave
Greenhouse gases
Radiation is
Reflected
Absorbed
Forms
Sensible
Transported
by a body
Higher Temp than surroundings
Radiant
Thermal radiation heat
Thermal properties
Heat capacity
Amount absorbed
Change 1 deg C
Heat conductivity
Rate - Heat movemnt
Through material
Evaporation
Removes heat as e-
Latent heat of vaporization
amount of heat
convert unit mass
Liquid - vapor
w/o temp increase
Heat movement
Conduction
Materials transfer rates
Great impact by H2O
Temp gradient
Soils form vertical temp profiles
Convection
Heat movement
Not molecule to molecule
Forms
mass flow
turbulent flow
Soil Temperature
Heat depends on...
Sunlight received
Soil color
Mineralogy
Moisture content
Fluctuations
Daily
Day or night
Seasonal
Summer/winter
Aspect
Compass direction
Slope of land
Controlling
Plant growth
Germination
Growth rates
Management is possible
Natural Ground cover
Organic mulches