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The Early Modern Age: Humanism and Renaissance (The modern state (Monarchs…
The Early Modern Age: Humanism and Renaissance
Began in 1453, ended with the French Revolution in 1789.
Economic tranformation
Increased agricultural production.
Intensified commercial activity
Expansion of craftsmanship
Economic growth → development of banking.
Providing loans appeared
Creating new forms of payment: the bill of exchange
Social changes
The priviledged class
The unprivileged class, with the peasants and the bourgeoisie
The upper bourgeoisie
The petite bourgeoisie
upper bourgeoisie became wealthier than the nobles
the bourgeoisie demanded an end to the privileges
The modern state
Monarchs had more resources
They consolidate their authority
They formed powerful armies
new institutions were created
The monarchs established a court
authoritarian monarchy
most powerful monarchies: Spanish and Portuguese.