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3/20/17 Interest Groups (Interest Groups (Examples) (Ideological…

- - - - Competition breeds innovation
- - - - Membership fees or dues
        
        Types
        
        Membership association: bottom-up structure (NOW, NRA)
        
        Staff organization: professional staff does most of the work
        
        Donor-based, professional researchers (example: Children's Defense Fund)
        
        How to attract paid members when benefits are collective goods?
        
        Strong temptation for people to be free riders.
        
        Example: Sesame Street viewers versus PBS donors
      - Donations and contributions
      - Paid for services
    - - Started as a group to help retired teachers purchase affordable life insurance
      - Now has 35 million members. How?
      - Benefits
        
        Informational
        
        Material
        
        Solidary
        
        Purposive
- - - - generation that was active in protest politics in late 1960s and early 1970s related to anti-Vietnam War and civil rights movements.
- - - - Meeting where information is shared
        
        Lawsuits
        
        Public relations campaigns (ads directed at members, the public, and elected officials)
        
        Fund-raising for candidates, parties, or issues
  - - - institutional advertising
        
        Ex. For example, ads highlighting doctors in favor of or opposition to the Affordable Health Care Act
        
        Organizing protests and demonstrations
- - - - Grassroots support
      - fund-raising
      - media efforts
      - Lobbying members of Congress
      - Members of Congress often ask for favors
  - - - Recall that presidential appointees at top levels frequently come from industries they oversee
      - When interest groups, government agencies, and congressional committees work together for mutual benefit you have an "Iron Triangle".