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intellectual history: age of anxiety (ARTS: (all subjective, not what it…
intellectual history: age of anxiety
ww1 vastly increased ppls doubts about old certainly, save idelogical extremists
fascists and communists were more convinced that they were right.
everyone in the middle was stressed out, didnt know what to believe
growing doubts about democracy
great days of western cultures are behind
us
humans can know what truth truly is. we can use langauge but we will never know.. words create, but not reveal meaning. how do we use words to create meaning
ww1 suggested that science would cause us to destroy ourselves, not save us
PHYSICS:
MEDICAL THEORY
existenitalism: reacted against faith and reason
begins with Jean Paul Sart: published in late 30s, & some short novels.
notion that life has no meaning. because there is no g-d. before people can be whole they must come to this realization that this will be an unpleasant experience. create your own meaning. emphasis on idea of alienation, alienated from other humans.
EUGENICS
"racial health"; eliminated weaker elements of a race. pioneering thinkers & eugenics were americans... eliminate those with disabilites & such to make race stronger.
eliminating germans who weakened german race... killed germans with disabilites mental and physical so theu cant produce children
insustrialized warfare and genocide
"death from the heavens" with bombers
planes that could carry lots of weaponry that could be unleashed
Geurnica carried out by Germans as an experiment on civilians... 1937
atomic weapons, poisonous gas
ARTS: (all subjective, not what it means to artist but to viewers)
cubism
futurism
abstract but not too abstract, very shaped based sorta cubist, very bright colors
dada
art that makes you question what art is
surrealism
dali
reality is now uncertain
expressionism
the scream
generate emotions and ideas
ARCHITECTURE MOVEMENT
very scientific , functional, utilatarian, no concern for ornamentation
BAUHAUS
MODERNIST
after ww2 mainly
MUSIC:
IGOR STRAVINSKY: right of spring, no real melody nor harmony
abstract music... banging on keyboard
it was "degenerate" so nazis didnt like this
LITERATURE
Kafka
James Joyce, stream of conciousness
Erich Marie REMARQUE: All Quiet On the Western Front, anti war, anti patriotic, nazis hated it
Virigina Woolf
LOST GENERATION
coined by Gertrude Stein, rose is a rose, ex american patriot in paris
fought and survived in the war but were lost, uprooted by war
FEMINISM
women empoyed during ww1
made a lot of sacrifices in war.shortages of consumer goods, propoganda
after war, cult of domesticity reopened
after the war, this changed.
women got right to vote after ww1... except france & switzerland
but lots of this was meaningless as they had authortarian governments.
women begin to have a signifcance role in higher education after ww1 as students and educators
RADIO: politicans saw the value of radio for speeches, hitler, fdr, transformed daily life in a meaning full way
MOVIES: talkies, ww1,
totaltarian regiemes loved to use movies for propganda