Cerebral Artery Syndroms
MCA syndrom
PCA syndrom
ACA syndrom
Paralysis (-plegia) or weakness (-paresis) of the contralateral face and arm (faciobrachial)
Sensory loss of the contralateral face and arm.
Apraxia (due to branches to the supplementary motor area)
Damage to the dominant hemisphere (usually the left hemisphere) results in aphasia i.e. Broca's or Wernicke's
Damage to the non-dominant hemisphere (usually the right hemisphere) results in contralateral neglect syndrome
Large MCA infarcts often have deviation conjugée, a gaze preference towards the side of the lesion, especially during the acute period.
Optic radiation within parietal and temporal lobes: Homonymous hemianopia
Basal Ganglia
Internal capsule: Contralateral hemiplegia and hemianesthesia (Genu and post limb)
Hemiparesis or hemiplegia contralaterally, involving primarily the lower limbs and pelvic floor musculature
Sensory deficits contralaterally, involving primarily the leg and perineum
Apraxia (due to branches to the supplementary motor area)
Anosmia (due to branches of the olfactory bulb and olfactory tract)
Urinary incontinence (frontal lobe dysfunction)
Perforators: Medial lenticulostriate (The recurrent artery of Heubner)
optic chiasm, tract, hypothalamus, ant limb internal capsule, BG, basal frontal lobe
Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia with possible macula sparing
cortical blindness with bilateral involvement of the occipital lobe branches
visual agnosia
Prosopagnosia: temporal lobe (the result of abnormalities, damage, or impairment in the right fusiform gyrus)
Alexia and agraphia: due to visual cortex
memory defect
Sings of injury to thalamus