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Chemistry Unit 4 (Chemical Changes) (Reactions of Metals (Reaction with…
Chemistry Unit 4 (Chemical Changes)
Reactions of Metals
Reaction with Acid
Metal + Acid ---> Salt + Hydrogen E.G 2Na + 2HCl ---> 2NaCl + H2 Ca + H2SO4 ---> CaSO4 + H2
Reaction with O2
Group 1: 4Na + O2 ---> 2Mg2O
Reaction with H2O
metal + water ---> metal hydroxide + hydrogen
EG 2Na + 2H2O ---> 2NaOH + H2
Displacement
E.G Al2O3 + 3MG ---> 3MGO + 2Al
The most reactive element in the equation kicks out the least reactive element in the equation
Reduction + Oxidation
2H++2e- ---> H2 Reduction
Mg -2e- ---> Mg2+ Oxidation
Reactivity Series +Hydrogen +Carbon
Group 1 2. Group 2 3.Group 3 4.Carbon 5. Transition Metals
Electrolysis
Definitons
Anode/Cathode
electrolyte
electrolysis cell
electrolysis
Big Ideas
1) Reduction + Oxidation
2) Half equations
Making aluminium
2Al2)3
4Al + 3O2
2) 2- -4e- ---> O2
Al 3+ +3e- ---> Al
Electrolysis of (L)
2 Products eg 2NaCl (L) ---> 2Na + Cl2
electrolysis of (aq)
NaCl (aq)
Cl-
Cl2
OH-
H+
H2
NaOH
Na+
Acids + Salts
Definitions
Acid/Base/Alkalis
Concentration/Dilute
Salts
Strong/Weak
Eg HCl (aq) ---> H++ Cl-
CH3COOH(aq) <---> H++ CH3COO-
Acid + Metal
EG Mg+2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2
Acid + Base/Alkali
NaOH + HCl ---> NaCl + H20
MgO + H2SO4 ---> MgSO4 + H2O
Acid + Carbonate
eg CaCO3 + H2SO4 ---> CaSO4 + H2O + CO2
Big Ideas
2) - Fully splits --->/ Partially splits <--->
3) - Ionic Equations
1) - Each +1 unit of pH = 10x reduction in H= conc