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Week 3: Mood Disorder (Major Depression (Diagnosis/ Prevalence (5 or more…
Week 3: Mood Disorder
Major Depression
Diagnosis/ Prevalence
5 or more symptoms in 2 weeks. single episode/recurrent. lack of concentration, worthlessness, sleeping issues, fatigue, thoughts of death or suicide.
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Exposure and health outcomes. Risk factor: increased risk of the disease developing. Protective factor decreased risk of the disorder/disease. e.g. female gender is a risk factor.
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Aetiology
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Biological theory: Genes. depressive symptoms run in families. first degree relatives, 2-3x more likely to develop depression as well (Maier, 1992). Twin studies 30-40% inheritance (Kendler, 2001). Specific gene is unknown.
why stressful events affect some people but not other. 1037 children 3-26 years. 5-HTT gene (3 types) is associated with serotonin transporter gene. Brain synapses mein serotonin re-uptake. Out of the three, the short allele has a lower efficiency of serotonin reuptake. Caspi 2003
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Definition
extended periods of clinical depression- distress to individual and impairment in social functioning.
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