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Case Study: MEDC - Hurricane Katrina, USA, 2005 (Management (Evacuation …
Case Study: MEDC - Hurricane Katrina, USA, 2005
Facts and Figures
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Location: Entered Gulf Coast,
New Orleans
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Cost: Katrina is the costliest natural disaster in the history of the United States - exceeds £50 billion
Impacts
Environmental
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The US Geological Survey has estimated 217 sq mi of land was transformed to water by the hurricanes Katrina and Rita
Loss of breeding grounds for marine mammals, brown pelicans, turtles, fish and and migratory species such as redhead ducks
Massive tree loss along the Gulf Coast, especially in Louisiana's Pearl River Basin and among bottomland hardwood forests
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The storm caused oil spills from 44 facilities throughout southeastern Louisiana, which resulted in over 7 million gallons of oil being leaked
Residual waters contained a mix of raw sewage, bacteria, heavy metals, pesticides, toxic chemicals and oil which sparked fears in the scientific community of massive number of fish dying
Social
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Most of the surviver would have neither home insurance nor the
money to return and rebuild. -> Homeless
Over 460,000 people have left the New Orleans area
Political
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The use of emergency centers was also criticized; the Louisiana Superdome was designed to handle 800, yet 30000 arrived and the New Orleans Civic Center was not designed as an evacuation center but 25000 arrived.
Race and class were also stipulated issues, with claims that there was a racial reasons for the slow response, given that most of the stranded people were African American
Economic
The Bush Administration sought $105 bullion for repairs and reconstruction in the region (this did not include potential interruption of the oil supply, destruction of the Gulf Coast's highway infrastructure and exports of commodities such grain)
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1.3 million acres of forest lands were destroyed, costing about $5 billion
Loss of approximately one million non-farm jobs (with 600,000 of them in New Orleans)
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Additionally, some insurance companies have stopped insuring homeowners in the area because of the high costs from Hurricane Katrina (and Rita), or have raised homeowners' insurance premiums to cover their risk
Causes
Over Gulf of Mexico, strengthened to a category 5, then weakened to a 3.
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Storm formed over Bahamas on 23rd August, moved NW and strengthened into a hurricane over Southern tip of Florida.
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Management
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FEMA preparations ranging from logistical supply deployments to a mortuary team with refrigerated trucks, houses for 700,000 applicants
Predicted by the National Hurricane centre and they gave a very accurate plot of the Hurricanes track and expected landfall, not far from New Orleans.
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58,000 National Guard personnel
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