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Viruses : Physiochemical properties and classification (Kingdom…
Viruses : Physiochemical properties and classification
Kingdom
Eukaryotic
multicellular
Plant
fungi
animal
Eukaryotic
unicellular
Protozoa
protista
alga
Prokaryotic
unicellular
Monera/prokaryotes
eubacteria
archaea
no cellular structure
virus
Nucleic acid genome with protein
coat
viroid
virus without coat protein
prion
protein molecule which can
replicate
Components
of Virions
Nucleic Acid
Genome – DNA or RNA (1/2 strand)
Capsid – protein coat
Nucleocapsid
dif size & types
Protein subunit protein = capsomere
Lipoprotein envelop (some)
Glycoprotein spikes
Derived from host cell membrane
Virion=infectious virus particles
Methods
to Study Characteristics of
Viruses
morphology-electron
microscopy,
presence of envelope & shape & size
strategies of replication
Different Types of Genome Replications
Class I - dsDNA (herpesvirus)
Class II - ssDNA (parvovirus, fX174)
Class III - dsRNA (Reovirus)
Class IV - ss(+)RNA (poliovirus)
Class V - ss(-)RNA (Influenza virus)
Class VI - ss(+ retro)RNA (HIV)
Serology (serotype)-reaction
w specific antiserum
Serological Techniques
Immunodiffusion
Immunoflorescence
ELISA
Immunocapture PCR
serology + PCR
Capture viral antigens from samples to
concentrate virus particles to microplate well
surface before doing PCR
Immuno-electron microscopy
sequence of genomes
System of Nomenclature
Animal viruses
Diseases
Host and diseases
Places where virus was
first identified
Organ virus was isolated
from
Plant viruses
Combinations of host and
Disease
eg
:Tomato bushy stunt virus
Insect viruses
Combination of host and
Disease
eg
:Cricket paralysis virus
Bacteriophages
Codes
eg
:T2, T4 etc